摘要
在全球变暖的背景下,高温热浪事件显著增多且对飞机性能的影响日益显著。利用机场气象站点观测数据、通用地球系统模式版本2(CESM2,community earth system model version 2)和波音性能软件(BPS,Boeing performance software)分析了中国1973—2022年期间机场高温热浪发生的趋势,并定量评估了未来高温热浪事件对B737-800飞机最大起飞重量和起飞滑跑距离的影响。结果表明,1973—2022年期间平原机场纬度越低,高温日数上升趋势越明显,高温热浪事件在1989年后显著增多,而高原机场在此期间未发生高温热浪事件;2096—2100年期间4个机场的飞机最大起飞重量全部受到高温影响的限制,相较于2010—2014年减载天数明显增多,其中高原机场受影响程度最大;当飞机满载飞行时,飞机在3个平原机场的起飞滑跑距离随温度升高并呈非线性变化,温度越高,增长趋势越明显。该结论可为未来改造或新建机场跑道及航空公司制定飞行计划提供重要的参考依据。
In the context of global warming,there has been a significant increase of heat wave events and their impact on aircraft performance is becoming more pronounced.Based on observed data of airport meteorological stations,community earth system model version 2(CESM2)and Boeing performance software(BPS),the trends of heat waves at Chinese airports during 1973-2022 are investigated.Furthermore,the influence of future heat wave events on maximum takeoff weight and takeoff distance of B737-800 aircraft are evaluated quantitatively.Results show that during 1973-2022,the lower the latitude of plain airport is,the more obvious increase of the trend of hot days can be.Heat wave events appear more frequently after 1989,but there is no heat wave events at the high plateau airport during this period.The maximum takeoff weight of aircraft across the four airports would be all limited by the high temperature during the period of 2096-2100.The number of weight-restriction days increases obviously compared to the period of 2010-2014,with high plateau airport being the most severely impacted.When the aircraft are fully loaded at the plain airports,the takeoff distance increases with temperature rise and changes non-linearly,showing a stronger increase with higher temperature.The conclusion can provide an important reference for future renovation or construction of airport runway as well as flight planning of airlines.
作者
王坤
彭湘华
刘海文
但博
王愚
WANG Kun;PENG Xianghua;LIU Haiwen;DAN Bo;WANG Yu(College of Air Traffic Management,CAUC,Tianjin 300300,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Enviromental Information Technology,National Marine Data and Information Service,Tianjin 300012,China;School of Airport Management,Shanghai Civil Aviation Vocational and Technical College,Shanghai 201399,China)
出处
《中国民航大学学报》
CAS
2024年第3期43-48,68,共7页
Journal of Civil Aviation University of China
基金
国家自然科学基金民航联合研究基金重点项目(U2033207)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41906009,42106016)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(3122018D023)。
关键词
全球变暖
高温热浪
机场
飞机性能
飞机最大起飞重量
起飞滑跑距离
global warming
heat wave
airport
aircraft performance
maximum takeoff weight of aircraft
takeoff distance
