摘要
高速列车牵引异步电机在高转速下的噪声主要由气动噪声和电磁噪声组成,且前者为主导成分。该研究为准确地预测该类型电机高转速下的气动和电磁混合噪声特性,首先建立了电机气动声源的仿真计算模型,包括基于计算流体动力学的流场计算和Lighthill声类比的声场计算;其次建立了电磁振动的计算模型,其中包含了Maxwell电磁场计算和基于模态叠加法的谐响应分析;最后通过有限元法和边界元法建立电机气动和电磁混合噪声的计算模型,最终得到电机混合噪声在各测点的总声压级和电机的声功率级,并与试验结果进行对比。结果表明,在4000 r/min和5600 r/min两个转速下的仿真计算的声功率级与试验值差距不超过0.6 dB(A),各测点总声压级与试验值接近,证明混合噪声的计算模型能够准确有效地预测牵引异步电机气动和电磁混合噪声。
The noise of the traction asynchronous motor in a high-speed train at high speed is mainly composed of aerodynamic noise and electromagnetic noise,and the former is the dominant.In order to accurately predict the aerodynamic and electromagnetic mixed noise characteristics of this kind of motor at high speed,a numerical simulation model of the motor aerodynamic noise source was firstly established,including the flow field calculation based on computational fluid dynamics and the sound field calculation based on Lighthill analogy method.Secondly,a calculation model for the electromagnetic vibration was established,which included the Maxwell electromagnetic field calculation and harmonic response analysis based on the modal superposition method.Finally,the finite element method and boundary element method were used to establish the numerical simulation model for the aerodynamic and electromagnetic mixed noise.The total sound pressure levels at all test pointsand sound power levels of motor noise were obtained and compared with those from experiments.The results show that the differences of sound power levels between the simulation and experiment values are less than 0.6 dB(A)at 4000 r/min and 5600 r/min speeds,and the values of overall sound pressure levels at all test points are close to those from experiments,which proves that the calculation model of mixed noise can accurately and effectively predict the aerodynamic and electromagnetic mixed noise of the traction asynchronous motor.
作者
孙艳红
张伟
王文庆
朱一乔
邱毅
郑旭
SUN Yanhong;ZHANG Wei;WANG Wenqing;ZHU Yiqiao;QIU Yi;ZHENG Xu(College of Energy Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China;CRRC Yongji Electric Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710016,China)
出处
《振动与冲击》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第14期284-292,316,共10页
Journal of Vibration and Shock
基金
国家自然科学基金(51975515)。
关键词
牵引异步电机
气动声源
电磁振动
混合噪声
traction asynchronous motor
aerodynamic noise source
electromagnetic vibration
mixed noise
