摘要
紫外预电离中储开关是大型强电磁脉冲模拟装置的关键器件,中储开关预电离间隙击穿特性是影响开关性能的一个重要因素。在N_(2)气压为0.1~0.7 MPa的工作环境中,开展了预电离间隙的击穿特性及其对中储开关击穿稳定性影响的实验研究。预电离间隙的击穿特性实验结果表明,随着气压的增加,预电离间隙击穿电压呈现出不同的变化趋势:间隙距离较短时,击穿发生在预电离间隙钨针和铜电极之间的气体介质中,击穿电压呈现出渐进饱和的趋势;间隙距离较长时,低气压下的击穿发生在预电离间隙中,高气压条件下击穿发生在预电离电极的陶瓷套管表面气体介质中,此时击穿电压几乎不随气压发生变化。在电磁脉冲模拟装置中开展了预电离间隙击穿特性对紫外预电离中储开关击穿特性影响的实验,结果表明,当中储开关内部气压很高时,开关击穿分散性大于低气压区域。该结果可能与预电离间隙在高气压区域时击穿发生在陶瓷套管上有关,该现象导致预电离间隙击穿过早,使得预电离间隙击穿时刻与主间隙波形波峰时刻之间的时间差大于主间隙击穿的形成时延,从而增大了主间隙击穿电压的分散性。
UV pre-ionization transfer switch is the key device for the large-scale high-altitude electromagnetic pulse simulator,and the breakdown characteristic of the pre-ionization gap is an important parameter that influences the performance of the transfer switch.The characteristics of pre-ionization gap's breakdown and its effects on the breakdown stability of transfer switch within the working pressure range of N_(2) from 0.1 to 0.7 MPa are studied.The results show that as the pressure increases,the breakdown voltage of the pre-ionization gap presents different characteristics.In cases where the gap is short,the breakdown occurs in the gaseous medium between the tungsten needle and the copper electrode in the pre-ionisation gap,and the breakdown voltage exhibits a gradual saturation trend.As the gap distance increases,breakdown at lower pressures occurs within the pre-ionization gap,while at higher gas pressures,breakdowns occur within the ceramic sleeve of the pre-ionization electrode,with the breakdown voltage remaining almost constant.Additionally,an experiment using the pre-ionization gap is conducted in the electromagnetic pulse simulator for the transfer switch.It is observed that when the switch operates at gas higher pressures,the breakdown dispersion is greater compared to the low-pressure region.This observation could be attributed to the flashover phenomenon on the ceramic sleeve of the pre-ionization electrode,resulting in premature breakdown of the main gap.The time difference between the breakdown of the pre-ionization gap and the peak waveform in the main gap is greater than the formation time of the breakdown process in the main gap,thus leading to an increased breakdown voltage dispersion in the main gap.
作者
陈志强
王天驰
王艺
郭帆
贾伟
谢霖燊
吴伟
陈伟
CHEN Zhiqiang;WANG Tianchi;WANG Yi;GUO Fan;JIA Wei;XIE Linshen;WU Wei;CHEN Wei(National Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect,Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology,Xi’an 710024,China)
出处
《现代应用物理》
2024年第3期68-74,共7页
Modern Applied Physics
基金
强脉冲辐射环境模拟与效应全国重点实验室基金资助项目(SKLIPR2101)。
关键词
电磁脉冲模拟装置
紫外预电离开关
击穿
形成时延
饱和现象
electromagnetic pulse simulator
UV pre-ionization switch
breakdown
formation time
saturation phenomenon
