摘要
为了探究刺五加(Acanthopanax senticosus)种子的休眠类型以及种子萌发过程中生理和代谢特征,以东北地区刺五加种子为研究对象,分别在不同温度条件(20℃,4℃,20℃/4℃)下对种子进行140 d沙藏层积处理。通过观察胚的表型变化,筛选出5个典型时期。研究5个典型时期种子中的内源激素、主要营养物质及其水解酶、抗氧化系统和代谢组学的动态变化规律。结果表明(:1)刺五加种子吸水性能良好,20℃恒温条件只能促进胚的伸长,不能萌发。4℃恒温条件下胚率无增长。只有0~110 d保持20℃恒温,110~140 d保持4℃恒温,胚率增长且种子能够萌发。(2)随着胚率增长,赤霉素含量上升,脱落酸含量下降,吲哚乙酸、吲哚丁酸和萘乙酸含量均下降;脂肪含量下降,可溶性糖含量上升。脂肪含量与脂肪水解酶活性呈显著负相关,与可溶性糖含量呈极显著负相关。(3)共筛选出92个差异代谢物,碳代谢、能量代谢和抗氧化代谢是主要的差异代谢通路。此外,倍半萜和三萜生物合成、脂肪酸生物合成、甘油脂类代谢等也存在差异。总之,刺五加种子属于形态生理性休眠,变温层积是打破种子休眠的必要条件,内源激素能够调控种子的休眠与萌发。脂肪等大分子营养物质被水解酶分解,为种子萌发提供物质和能量,这也是种子萌发的必要条件之一。该研究可为鉴定刺五加种子休眠类型以及人工繁殖提供理论依据。
To investigate the dormancy type and physiological and metabolic characteristics of Acanthopanax senticosus seeds during germination,the seeds from northeast China were treated with sand accumulation for 140 days under different temperature conditions(20℃,4℃,20℃/4℃)respectively.Five distinct stages were identified based on embryo phenotypic changes,and the dynamic changes in endogenous hormones,main nutrient substances and their hydrolases,antioxidant system,and metabolomics during these five stages were examined respectively.The results revealed that:(1)A.senticosus seeds exhibited good water absorption;while the constant temperature of 20℃only promoted embryo elongation,but not germination.There was no increase in embryo rate at 4℃,and the embryo rate increased and the seeds germinated only when the temperature was maintained at 20℃for 0-110 d and 4℃for 110-140 d.(2)As the embryo growth rate increased,gibberellic acid content increased while abscisic acid content decreased.The levels of indoleacetic acid,indolebutyric acid,and naphthenic acetic acid all decreased.Fat content decreased while soluble sugar content increased.Fat content showed a significant negative correlation with lipohydrolase activity as well as a highly significant negative correlation with soluble sugar content.(3)A total of 92 differential metabolites were screened,and the carbon metabolism,energy metabolism,and antioxidant metabolism were the major differential metabolic pathways.Additionally,there were difference in sesquiterpene and triterpene biosynthesis,fatty acid biosynthesis and glyceride metabolism.In conclusion,seeds of A.senticosus were morphological and physiological dormancy,and variable temperature stratification was a necessary condition to break seed dormancy,and endogenous hormones might regulate seed dormancy and germination.Macromolecular nutrients such as fat were decomposed by hydrolases to provide material and energy for seed germination,which was also one of the necessary conditions for seed germination.This study provided theoretical guidance for identifying seed dormancy types and artificial propagation of A.senticosus.
作者
任艳君
郭晓瑞
于子煊
吴可心
孙宇
陈宁
油乔木
邢凯鑫
REN Yanjun;GUO Xiaorui;YU Zixuan;WU Kexin;SUN Yu;CHEN Ning;YOU Qiaomu;XING Kaixin(College of Chemistry,Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040;Heilongjiang Ecological Engineering College,Harbin 150025;Natural Resource Rights and Interests Investigation and Monitoring Institute of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150080)
出处
《植物研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期576-589,共14页
Bulletin of Botanical Research
基金
黑龙江省种业创新项目(ZQTYB231700002)
东北林业大学大学生创新训练计划项目(202310225471)。
关键词
刺五加
休眠
萌发
变温层积
代谢组学
内源激素
Acanthopanax senticosus
dormancy
germination
variable temperature stratification
metabo-nomics
endogenous hormone
