摘要
基于默认语义学理论,采用自然观察法,考察不同年龄段汉语学前儿童否定结构的语用发展特征。结果表明,随着年龄的增长,儿童逐渐使用复杂的否定形式,较多将否定词“不”放在句首,常见否定词“不”放在句中,将否定词“不”放在句尾的情况罕见。否定词“不”的移动过程与儿童的心智认知水平、语境要素语言化能力发展水平和语境依赖度有关,体现了语言使用的经济原则;儿童否定结构的使用建立在预设基础上,其语义表征受不同因素的制约,呈现出不同的语用发展过程。本研究旨在探索儿童否定结构语用发展规律,为儿童否定结构学习与语用能力的发展提供借鉴。
This study,in the light of the Default Semantics theory,investigates the pragmatic development characteristics of negation structure in Chinese preschool children through naturalistic observation.The research shows that children can gradually use complex negation forms with the growth of age.In addition,children can use the negation word bu at the beginning of a sentence,and often use the negation word bu in a sentence,but rarely use the negation word bu at the end of a sentence.The movement process of the negation word bu is related to children's cognitive level,context dependence degree and the economic principle of language use;the use of the negation structure is based on the presupposition,and its semantic representations are constrained by different factors,showing different pragmatic development processes.This study aims to explore the pragmatic development of negation structure in children and provide reference for their learning of negation structure and development of pragmatic competence.
基金
中国博士后科学基金第72批面上资助项目(编号:2022M721070)
黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目青年项目“类型学视野下汉英儿童否定结构语用发展轨迹对比研究”(编号:22YYC337)
新时代龙江优秀硕士、博士学位论文资助项目(编号:LJYXL2022-094)
黑龙江省外语教育学术交流基地研究课题“预设的语义、语用分析及其对教学改革的启示”(编号:S2020021)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
学前儿童
否定结构
语用发展
默认语义学
Preschool Children
Negation Structure
Pragmatic Development
Default Semantics
