摘要
【目的】生物炭在重金属污染土壤上有一定修复效果,然而未改性生物炭的修复潜力往往较低,生物炭改性可有效提高生物炭表面官能团的种类和数量,增加与重金属相互作用的位点数量,进而提高重金属的修复效率。【方法】对木炭、竹炭、秸秆炭3种类型生物炭进行纳米改性并用扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外进行表征,采用培养试验,设置不添加生物炭对照、3种不同类型生物炭处理、3种纳米改性生物炭处理共7个处理。【结果】(1)不同类型生物炭纳米改性后表现出孔隙增多、孔径增大、粒径减小,丰富了官能团结构,使含氧官能团强度增加;(2)纳米生物炭可以提高土壤pH、有机碳(SOC)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)、易氧化有机碳(EOC)、颗粒有机碳(POC)含量,其中纳米竹炭相较于未改性竹炭处理SOC提高了20.77%,纳米秸秆炭对土壤DOC、LOC、POC提升效果最好,相较于未改性秸秆炭分别提高了17.05、10.88%、63.36%;添加生物炭也增加了土壤蔗糖酶和纤维素酶活性。(3)添加生物炭使土壤重金属镉有效性降低,改性后增强了对土壤有效态镉的转化,促使可交换态镉和可还原态镉向可氧化态镉和残渣态镉转化迁移,其有效性与土壤pH和有机碳相关。【结论】生物炭纳米改性后其含氧官能团增加,在提高土壤有机碳及降解重金属镉有效性上具有很大潜力,且不同类型纳米生物炭对土壤有机碳及镉形态的影响不同,纳米秸秆炭效果最佳。
[Objective]Biochar has a certain remediation effect on heavy metal contaminated soil,but the remediation potential of unmodified biochar is often low.Modifying biochar effectively enhances the diversity and abundance of functional groups on its surface,expanding the sites that interact with heavy metals and consequently enhancing heavy metal remediation efficiency[.Method]Three types of biochar,namely charcoal,bamboo charcoal,and straw charcoal,nano modification and characterization of these specimens was carried out through the use of scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.A culture experiment was conducted,with a total of 7 treatments including no biochar control,three different types of biochar treatment,and three nano modified biochar treatments.[Result](1)Different types of biochar nano modified exhibit an increase in pores,an increase in pore size,and a decrease in particle size,Enhancing the functional group structure and strengthening oxygen-containing functional groups;(2)Nano biochar can increase soil pH,organic carbon(SOC),soluble organic carbon(DOC),easily oxidizable organic carbon(EOC),and particulate organic carbon(POC).Among them,nano bamboo charcoal increased SOC by 20.77%compared to unmodified bamboo charcoal treatment.Nano straw charcoal has the best effect on improving soil DOC,LOC,and POC,with an increase of 17.05%,10.88%,and 63.36%compared to unmodified straw charcoal,respectively;The addition of biochar also increased soil sucrase and cellulase activities.(3)The addition of biochar reduces the effectiveness of heavy metal cadmium in soil,and the modification enhances the transform of available cadmium in soil,promoting the transformation and migration of exchangeable and reducible cadmium to oxidizable and residual cadmium.Its effectiveness is related to soil pH and organic carbon.[Conclusion]After nano modification of biochar,its oxygen-containing functional groups increase,which has great potential in improving the effectiveness of soil organic carbon and 0degrading heavy metal cadmium.Different types of nano biochar have different effects on soil organic carbon and cadmium forms,and nano straw charcoal has the best effect.
作者
刘东明
魏圆慧
罗卿福
贾广昊
郭宇轩
毛艳玲
LIU Dongming;WEI Yuanhui;LUO Qingfu;JIA Guanghao;GUO Yuxuan;MAO Yanling(College of Resource and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;University Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation in Fujian,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fujian Colleges and Universities Engineering Research Institute of Conservation&Utilization of Natural Bioresources,Fuzhou 350002,China)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期1076-1085,共10页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(闽[2023]TG25号)
福建省财政厅项目(闽财指【2022】639号)。
关键词
纳米生物炭
生物炭表征
土壤有机碳
镉形态
nano biochar
characterization of biochar
soil organic carbon
cadmium forms
