摘要
在煤矿深部开采背景下,关键层结构由一层转变为多层,位置由近煤层区域转移至远煤层区域,由此导致了更为剧烈的矿压现象。为探究多层高位关键层结构下的强矿压显现机理,以布尔台煤矿的强矿压矿井为例,采用现场监测方法分析了覆岩能量释放特性,依托相似模方法分析了覆岩的连续性运移规律,并利用数值模拟与现场试验方法提出了高位关键层致裂防灾技术。结果表明,多层高位关键层的运动过程是随着回采距离的增加,逐渐向覆岩深部转移的“弯曲—离层—破断”连续型变形破断;而高位关键层内部能量的突然性释放是导致矿井工作面强矿压灾害的重要因素。对比3种不同岩层的致裂方案后表明,致裂高位关键层可有效降低矿压强度。现场实施高位关键层致裂技术后,工作面支架阻力由21~24 MN降至18~20 MN,来压步距由20.9 m缩减至16.7 m,矿压显现步距由7.4 m降低至4.8 m。
Under the background of deep mining,the key layer structure changes from one layer to multiple layers,and the position shifts from near coal seam area to far coal seam area,which leads to more intense ore pressure phenomenon.In order to explore the mechanism of high ore pressure under multi-layer high key layer structure,taking the high ore pressure mine in Buertai Coal Mine as an example,the energy release characteristics of overburden rock were analyzed by field monitoring method,the continuous migration law of overburden rock was analyzed by similar model method,and the disaster prevention technology of high key layer cracking was proposed by numerical simulation and field test methods.The results show that the movement process of the multi-layer high key layer is a continuous deformation failure of"bending,separating and breaking"which gradually shifts to the depth of overburden rock with the increase of mining distance.The sudden release of energy in the upper key layer is an important factor leading to the high mine pressure disaster in the mine face.The comparison of the cracking schemes of three different rock layers shows that the cracking high key layer can effectively reduce the ore pressure strength.After the high key layer cracking technology was implemented on site,the resistance of the working face support was reduced from 21-24 MN to 18-20 MN,the weighting interval was reduced from 20.9 m to 16.7 m,and the ore pressure manifestation interval was reduced from 7.4 m to 4.8 m.
作者
任建慧
Ren Jianhui(China Energy Shendong Coal Buertai Coal Mine,Ordos 017200,China)
出处
《能源与环保》
2024年第7期236-242,253,共8页
CHINA ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0804300)
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020MS05010)
国家能源集团神东煤炭集团公司科技创新项目(201991548010)。
关键词
关键层
覆岩运移
防灾减灾
深部开采
key layer
overburden rock migration
disaster prevention and reduction
deep mining
