摘要
梅侯旧墅是清代为纪念秦末名将梅鋗而修建的一座别墅园林。以徽州园记《梅冲梅侯旧墅记》为研究对象,解读文中关于造园背景、造园过程及园林布局等内容,探究徽州造园的观念和态度。结合园记解读与实地考察,对梅侯旧墅进行遗址定位,对其空间布局进行复原与推导,总结其功能与流线特征,完成空间布局复原图。通过调研,确定园林选址于祁门县东山书院东南向山谷之中,具有山地园林的特征;结合园记描写,还原梅侯旧墅的三大区域及布局,总结其在空间营造、借景处理、植物造景与造园观念上的特点。梅侯旧墅虽名为“旧墅”,实则清代徽州人结合地形翻新、改建的一座纪念性园林,园林的兴建有赖于地形、环境等得天独厚的条件及徽州人生态、朴素的造园观念。对梅侯旧墅的复原及造园特征的研究扩充了徽州园林的研究案例,对其造园特征的总结为徽州园林的造园研究提供一定启示。
RecordoftheMarquisMei'sGardenis a garden chronicle that depicts the ancient Huizhou gardens,written by the Qing Dynasty scholar Mei Chong.The chronicle records the construction background and tour routes of a garden located next to Shuangqiao in Qimen County.The garden is named'Marquis Mei's Garden'and is actually a commemorative garden renovated and rebuilt by the Huizhou people during the Qing Dynasty,incorporating the local topography.By combining the information from the chronicle and conducting on-site investigations,the location of Marquis Mei's Garden was determined.It was found to be situated in a mountain valley southeast of Dongshan Academy,exhibiting characteristics of a mountainous garden.The spatial layout was then reconstructed and deduced,summarizing its functions and circulation patterns,resulting in the completion of a reconstructed spatial layout plan.Through the reconstruction of the spatial layout of Marquis Mei's Garden,the research delved deeper into its spatial creation,landscape borrowing,plant scenery,functional circulation,and garden design concepts.It was discovered that the origin of Marquis Mei's Garden differs from that of most Jiangnan gardens,as it incorporates a significant portion of the existing natural environment and ancient relics.This unique approach gives the garden a distinctive appearance and sets it apart from other gardens in the Jiangnan region.The research on the reconstruction of Marquis Mei's Garden represents a new exploration of the garden techniques and concepts of Huizhou gardens,enriching our understanding of the traditional literati gardens in Huizhou and expanding the research cases of Huizhou gardens.It offers insights for the preservation and research of Huizhou garden cultural heritage.
作者
吴波
严敏
夏舒婷
Wu Bo;Yan Min;Xia Shuting
出处
《华中建筑》
2024年第8期171-177,共7页
Huazhong Architecture
关键词
园记
园林复原
徽州园林
造园特征
Records of garden
Reconstruction of gardens
Huizhou Gardens
Gardening characteristics
