摘要
针对岩石力学震源定位问题,提出了一种在P波到时精确拾取的基础上通过分析法过滤异常到达传感器和遗传算法(genetic algorithms,简称GA)求解联合定位方法,并将其应用于岩石材料的破裂面定位以及采矿工程中。为了消除传感器到时精度、传统迭代法及迭代初值选择对定位的影响,基于时频分析的改进长短时窗(short-term average/long-term average,简称STA/LTA)法拾取P波到时,求解不同传感器组合分析解的逻辑概率密度函数过滤异常到达,引入遗传算法对到达清晰的震源进行定位。通过断铅、含夹层组合煤岩单轴压缩试验及定点爆破试验对该方法进行验证。结果表明:在对信号预先带通滤波后进行变分模态分解(variational mode decomposition,简称VMD)精确滤波的基础上结合改进STA/LTA法可以大幅提升到时拾取精度;通过分析法过滤异常到达对定位精度的影响,结合具有全局性、不受初值影响的遗传算法对震源定位,应用于岩石材料试验以及采矿工程中可以较准确的对震源进行定位,该方法较传统迭代法、线性定位法等更具有工程实际应用价值。
A method for precise localization of seismic sources in rock mechanics was proposed.The method combines accurate picking of P-wave arrival times with an analysis-based filtering of anomalous arrivals and a joint localization approach using genetic algorithms(GA).The method was applied to locate fracture surfaces in rock materials and in mining engineering.To mitigate the impact of sensor timing accuracy,traditional iterative methods,and the selection of initial iterative values on localization,an improved STA/LTA method based on time-frequency analysis was used to pick the P-wave arrival times.A logic probability density function of the analysis-based solutions for different sensor combinations was employed to filter out anomalous arrivals.Genetic algorithms were then used to locate the clear arrivals from filtered data.The method was validated through tests on lead breaking and layered coal-rock compression,as well as controlled blasting experiments.The results show that combining precise filtering using variational mode decomposition(VMD)after pre-bandpass filtering with the improved STA/LTA method significantly enhances the accuracy of P-wave arrival time picking.The combination of the analysis method for filtering the impact of anomalous arrivals on positioning accuracy and the genetic algorithm,which is globally applicable and not influenced by initial values,allows for more accurate localization of seismic sources in rock material testing and mining engineering.This method has greater practical engineering application value compared to traditional iterative methods and linear positioning methods.
作者
肖晓春
丁振
丁鑫
徐军
樊玉峰
李子阳
XIAO Xiao-chun;DING Zhen;DING Xin;XU Jun;FAN Yu-feng;LI Zi-yang(School of Mechanics and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000,China;Liaoning Key Laboratory of Mining Environment and Disaster Mechanics,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin,Liaoning 123000,China)
出处
《岩土力学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期2195-2207,共13页
Rock and Soil Mechanics
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.51974186,No.51774164,No.52274203)。
关键词
滤波
改进STA/LTA法
到时拾取
声发射震源定位
分析法―遗传算法
filtering
improved STA/LTA method
arrival time picking
acoustic emission source location
analytical method-genetic algorithm
