摘要
为查明铜矿周边土壤重金属污染风险,在长江中下游某典型铜矿周边采集表层土壤(0~20 cm)样品87个,分析测定了9种重金属Cu、As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb、Zn、Mo含量。结果表明,研究区土壤Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn、As、Mo含量均值高于南京地区背景值。9种重金属含量呈现岛状或条带状分布,高值区主要集中在研究区北侧紧邻矿区区域或中部沟谷区域。根据内梅罗综合污染指数计算,研究区表层土壤达到清洁、尚清洁、轻度污染、中度污染和重度污染的比例分别为42.53%、26.44%、18.39%、4.60%和8.04%;结合单因子指数评价,Cu、Cd为主要污染贡献因子,Pb、As、Zn为次要贡献因子;根据综合生态风险指数计算,研究区表层土壤达到中等生态风险及以上的点位占67.82%,主要是As、Hg、Cu、Cd、Mo存在潜在生态风险。通过主成分分析法解析出研究区重金属有3种来源,其中Cu、Zn、As、Hg和Mo主要受工矿活动影响;Cu、Ni、Cr主要受自然母质影响;Cd、Zn、As、Pb主要受农业活动影响。
In order to find out the risk of heavy metal pollution in the soil around the copper mine,87 samples of surface soil(0~20 cm)were collected around a typical copper mine in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The contents of Cu,As,Cd,Cr,Hg,Ni,Pb,Zn and Mo were analyzed and determined.The results showed that the average contents of Cu,Cd,Pb,Zn,As and Mo in the soil of the study area were higher than the background values of Nanjing area.The contents of 9 heavy metals showed island or banded distribution,and the high value areas were mainly concentrated in the northern part of the study area adjacent to the mining area or the central valley area.According to the Nemero comprehensive pollution index calculation,the proportion of surface soil in the study area reaching clean,till clean,mild pollution,moderate pollution and severe pollution was 42.53%,26.44%,18.39%,4.60%and 8.04%,respectively.Combined with the single factor index evaluation,Cu and Cd were the main pollution contribution factors,and Pb,As and Zn were the secondary contribution factors.According to the calculation of comprehensive ecological risk index,67.82%of the surface soil in the study area reached moderate ecological risk and above,mainly due to the potential ecological risks of As,Hg,Cu,Cd and Mo.Principal component analysis showed that there were three sources of heavy metals in the study area,among which Cu,Zn,As,Hg and Mo were mainly affected by industrial and mining activities.Cu,Ni and Cr are mainly affected by natural parent materials.Cd,Zn,As and Pb were mainly affected by agricultural activities.
作者
顾佳
苏海涛
赵培松
翟宏
GU Jia;SU Haitao;ZHAO Peisong;ZHAI Hong(Coastal Saline-alkali Land Ecological Rehabilitation and Sustainable Utilizationment Technology Innovation Center,MNR,Nanjing 210001,China;Institute of Geochemical Exploration and Marine Geological Survey,ECE,Nanjing 210001,China)
出处
《金属矿山》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第7期268-275,共8页
Metal Mine
基金
江苏省2016年度省级耕地污染防治专项(编号:苏财建〔2017〕123号)。
关键词
铜矿
土壤重金属
污染
生态风险
来源
copper mine
soil heavy metals
pollution
ecological risk
source
