摘要
水平井射孔时,射孔弹爆炸会产生巨大的冲击波作用于管柱自身,并造成严重的管柱振动行为,甚至造成管柱与管串工具的损坏。为了研究水平井电缆射孔振动安全性,基于Hamilton原理,考虑射孔爆轰载荷的衰减、管柱-井壁的接触碰撞、超深井高温高压环境和管柱自生约束等因素的影响,建立了水平井电缆射孔纵-横-扭耦合非线性动力学模型。使用Newmark-β法对系统非线性离散方程组进行求解,并编制了相应的MATLAB计算程序。采用西南地区H1实例井井深结构和射孔参数,利用非线性振动模型探究了射孔轰爆载荷在超深井高温高压环境下对水平井电缆射孔纵-横-扭耦合振动的影响机理。研究结果表明:射孔枪过长会增大其横向位移、截面位移和振动幅值,过短则会导致管柱所受到Mises应力增大,故在考虑射孔枪安全使用和抑制振动的前提下,射孔枪长度20 m左右最合适。当射孔弹装药量超过20 g时,管柱所受到的最大Mises应力已经超过了其自身的极限应力值,在保证高效率射孔和管柱安全的前提下,射孔弹装药量应控制在15~20 g之间,这一参数与西南地区龙马溪组H2/3实例井使用的装药量相符合。研究结果可以为特定井的射孔弹装药量提供建议。
When perforating in a horizontal well,the explosion of the charge generates a huge shock wave,which acts on the string itself and causes serious string vibration,or even causes damage to the string and string tools.In order to study the wireline perforation vibration safety in horizontal wells,an axial-lateral-torsional coupling nonlinear dynamic model for wireline perforation in horizontal wells was built based on the Hamilton principle,taking into account the influence of the factors such as the attenuation of perforation detonation load,the contact collision between the string and the sidewall,the high-temperature and high-pressure environment of ultra-deep wells and the autogenic constraint of the string.Then,the Newmark-βmethod was used to solve the nonlinear discrete equations of the system,and corresponding MATLAB calculation programs were compiled.Finally,based on the well structure and perforating parameters of H1 example well in the southwest region,a nonlinear vibration model was used to explore the influence mechanism of perforation detonation load on the axial-lateral-torsional coupling vibration of wireline perforation in horizontal wells under high-temperature and high-pressure environment of ultra-deep wells.The results show that the longer the perforating gun,the greater its lateral displacement,sectional displacement and vibration amplitudes are.A too short gun will lead to an increase in the von Mises stress on the string.Therefore,under the prerequisite of considering the safe use of perforating gun and the suppression of vibration,the length of about 20 m of the perforating gun is the most suitable.When the explosive load of the charge exceeds 20 g,the maximum von Mises stress on the string exceeds its own limiting stress value,under the prerequisite of ensuring efficient perforation and string safety,the explosive load of the charge should be controlled between 15 g and 20 g,which is consistent with the explosive load used in the H2/3 example well of the Longmaxi Formation in the southwest region,and provides suggestions for the explosive load of the charge of suitable specific wells.
作者
周鑫钟
柳军
简屹林
陈益丽
梁爽
Zhou Xinzhong;Liu Jun;Jian Yilin;Chen Yili;Liang Shuang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University;School of Mechanical Engineering,Chengdu University)
出处
《石油机械》
北大核心
2024年第8期41-50,共10页
China Petroleum Machinery
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“深水无隔水管钻井钻柱纵-横-扭耦合非线性振动特性研究”(51875489)
四川省重点研发计划“川渝页岩气钻井钻柱摩擦磨损机理及表面激光熔覆技术研究”(2022YFQ0034)。
关键词
水平井
电缆射孔
爆轰压力场
动态响应
应力传播
振动安全
horizontal well
wireline perforation
detonation pressure field
dynamic response
stress propagation
vibration safety
