摘要
目的分析使用头孢菌素类药物相关不良反应的原因,并进一步讨论预防措施。方法回顾性分析2021年9月至2023年9月在本院接受头孢菌素类抗生素的170例患者,用药期间出现不良反应的70例患者为观察组,无不良反应的100例患者为对照组。分析观察组不良反应类型,不良反应高危因素,不良反应药物类型。结果70例观察组患者中,不良反应以皮肤系统为主(44.29%),其次为消化系统(30.00%)、血液系统(20.00%)、泌尿系统(4.28%)、肝胆系统(1.43%)。不良反应的患者饮酒史比例均明显高于没有不良反应组(P<0.05)。导致不良反应的药物类型主要为头孢曲松(24.29%)、头孢呋辛钠(18.57%)、头孢哌酮钠(15.71%)、头孢西丁钠(15.71%)、头孢美唑钠(10.00%)、头孢唑肟(10.00%)、头孢米诺钠(4.29%)和盐酸头孢吡肟(1.43%)。结论头孢菌素类药物的不良反应类型以皮肤系统为主,在临床中,需对有饮酒史、过敏体质、联合用药及情绪不稳定的患者开展针对性的干预措施,并尽量减少头孢曲松和头孢呋辛钠的使用频率。
Objective To analyze the causes of adverse reactions associated with the use of cephalosporins in our hospital,and to discuss preventive measures in advance.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 170 patients who received cephalosporin antibiotics in our hospital from September 2021 to September 2023.70 patients who experienced adverse reactions during the medication period were in the observation group,and 100 patients without adverse reactions were in the control group.The types of adverse reactions,high-risk factors of adverse reactions,and types of drugs for adverse reactions in the observation group were analyzed.Results Among the 70 patients in the observation group,the skin system(44.29%)was the main adverse reaction,followed by the digestive system(30.00%),the hematological system(20.00%),the urinary system(4.28%),and the hepatobiliary system(1.43%).The proportion of alcohol history,the proportion of allergies,the proportion of combination medication,and the proportion of emotional instability in the patients with adverse reactions were significantly higher than those in the group without adverse reactions(P<0.05).The main types of drugs that caused adverse reactions were ceftriaxone(24.29%),cefuroxime sodium(18.57%),cefoxitin sodium(15.71%),cefametazole sodium(10.00%),cefminox sodium(4.29%),and cefepime hydrochloride(1.43%).Conclusion The type of adverse reactions of cephalosporins is mainly in the skin system,and in clinical practice,targeted interventions should be carried out for patients with alcohol history,allergies,combination drugs,and emotional instability,and the frequency of use of ceftriaxone and cefuroxime sodium should be minimized.
作者
魏娜
石伟
WEI Na;SHI Wei(People's Liberation Army Support Unit The 960th hospital,Jinan 250031,China)
出处
《中华灾害救援医学》
2024年第5期551-553,共3页
Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine
关键词
头孢菌素类
联合用药
不良反应
cephalosporins
combination therapy
adverse reactions
