摘要
为研究杜撒×大长撒VRTN基因多态及其对育肥、胴体、肉质的影响。采用PCR直接测序法对杜撒×大长撒、杜洛克、长白、大白VRTN基因启动子区和4个外显子区进行单核苷酸多态性检测,计算VRTN基因多态位点基因型频率及基因频率,测定杜撒×大长撒猪群的育肥、胴体和肌肉品质,采用最小二乘模型分析VRTN基因与育肥、胴体、肉质的关联。结果显示:在4个猪群中共检测到VRTN g.97615896_97615897ins291和VRTN g.97622607G>A 2个突变位点具有多态性,其中,g.97615896_97615897ins291在4个猪群中均存在Q/Q、Q/Wt、Wt/Wt 3种基因型,4个群体均属于中度多态,均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态;杜撒×大长撒g.97615896_97615897ins291位点Q/Q基因型活体背膘厚比Wt/Wt基因型少0.36 mm(P<0.05)、肋骨数比Wt/Wt基因型多0.63对(P<0.01),Q/Wt基因型胴体斜长比Wt/Wt长1.56 cm(P<0.05),Q/Q和Q/Wt基因型眼肌面积比Wt/Wt多4.38 cm^(2)、4.34 cm^(2)(P<0.05),Q/Q基因型瘦肉率比Wt/Wt高3.23百分点(P<0.05)、脂率比Wt/Wt低4.1百分点(P<0.05);VRTN g.97622607G>A位点在杜撒×大长撒属于低度多态(PIC=0.0799),处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态;杜撒×大长撒VRTN g.97622607G>A位点GG基因型30~100 kg日增重比GA基因型多61.43 g·d^(-1)(P<0.01),瘦肉率比GA基因型高2.53百分点(P<0.05)。结果表明:VRTN g.97615896_97615897ins291位点插入等位基因Q可增加杜撒×大长撒猪群肋骨数、胴体斜长、眼肌面积和瘦肉率,降低活体背膘厚和脂率;VRTN g.97622607G>A位点GG基因型可提高杜撒×大长撒猪群的日增重和瘦肉率。本研究结果为利用VRTN基因进行分子标记辅助选择提高撒坝猪的生产性能提供依据。
To investigate the polymorphism of the vertnin(VRTN)gene in(Duroc×Saba,DS)♂×[Yorkshire×(Landrace×Saba),YLS]♀(hereafter DS×YLS)and its effects on fattening,carcass and meat quality,the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in promoter region and its 4 exons regions of VRTN gene were detected by PCR product directed sequencing in populations of DS×YLS,Duro,Landrace,Yorkshire,and the genotype frequency and gene frequency were calculated.Fattening,carcass and muscle quality were determined in 321 DS×YLS pigs.The association between different genotypes at each SNPs locus and fattening,carcass and meat quality were analyzed by least squares model.A total of two mutation loci,VRTN g.97615896_97615897ins291 and VRTN g.97622607G>A were detected to be polymorphic in four pig populations.g.97615896_97615897ins291 showed Q/Q,Q/Wt,and Wt/Wt genotypes in all four pig populations.All four populations were moderately polymorphic and in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state.In the VRTN g.97615896_97615897ins291 locus of DS×YLS pigs,the backfat thickness of Q/Q genotype was 0.36 mm less than that of Wt/Wt(P<0.05),the rib number of Q/Q genotype was 0.63 pairs more than that of Wt/Wt genotype(P<0.01),the carcass oblique length of Q/Wt genotype was 1.56 cm longer than Wt/Wt(P<0.05),the area of longissimus dorsi of Q/Q genotype and Q/Wt genotype were 4.38 cm^(2),4.34 cm^(2) bigger than that of Wt/Wt genotype(P<0.05)respectively,the lean meat percentage of Q/Q genotype was 3.23 percentage points higher than that of Wt/Wt genotype(P<0.05),the fat percentage of Q/Q genotype was 4.1 percentage points lower than that of Wt/Wt genotype(P<0.05)at VRTN g.97615896_97615897ins291 loci in the population of DS×YLS.VRTN g.97622607G>A belonged to the low polymorphism site(PIC=0.0799)in DS×YLS,and was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state.In the VRTN g.97622607G>A locus of DS×YLS pigs,the average daily gain(ADG)between 30 kg and 100 kg of GG genotype was 61.43 g·d^(-1) higher than that of GA genotype(P<0.01),the lean meat percentage of GG genotype was 2.53 percentage points higher than that of GA genotype(P<0.05)at VRTN g.97622607G>A locus in the population of DS×YLS.The results showed that the insertion of the Q allele at VRTN g.97615896_97615897ins291 could increase the number of ribs,carcass oblique length,area of longissimus dorsi and lean meat percentage,and decrease the backfat and fat percentage.VRTN g.97622607G>A locus GG genotype could increase the ADG and lean meat rate of DS×YLS.This study provided a basis for molecular marker-assisted selection with the VRTN gene to improve the performance of Saba pigs.
作者
马黎
兰艺
谢冰心
周春露
罗舒元
许文坤
董新星
严达伟
MA Li;LAN Yi;XIE Bingxin;ZHOU Chunlu;LUO Shuyuan;XU Wenkun;DONG Xinxing;YAN Dawei(Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Yunnan Vocational College of Agriculture,Kunming 650212,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Province Animal Husbandry Station,Kunming 650224,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650201,China)
出处
《浙江农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期1502-1510,共9页
Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis
基金
云南省科技人才与平台计划(202305AF150128)
云南省重大科技专项计划(202202AE090005)
云南省高校科技创新团队支持计划(云南省高校高原山地畜禽抗逆性基因发掘与利用科技创新团队2020TD05)。
