摘要
泥土物证是法庭科学中重要的研究内容之一。本文采用X射线粉晶衍射法(XRD)和X射线荧光光谱法(XRF),对东北地区不同类型的泥土样品进行了综合分析。研究了在最小取样量下,不同泥土样品中矿物组分和化学元素组成特征,并探讨了这些差异性所反映出的泥土样品的矿物学差异。通过XRD分析发现,泥土主要矿物组成为石英、钾长石和蒙脱石,不同类型的泥土样品中还含有斜长石、角闪石和高岭石等矿物。选用国家一级标准物质对XRF进行精密度和准确度测试,结果显示误差范围在-4.68%~1.79%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.89%,表明该分析方法满足分析测试要求。比较分析了泥土中主量、微量元素,并利用欧氏距离法计算了泥土样品间的差异性。通过两种分析方法来探究不同泥土的矿物学和元素组成等地质信息特征,可以有效指示出其来源并为区别不同地区的泥土物证提供数据支持。
Soil physical evidence is one of the important research contents in forensic science.In this paper,X-ray powder crystal diffraction(XRD) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF) were used to comprehensively analyze different types of soil samples in northeastern China.The mineral composition and chemical element composition characteristics of different soil samples under the minimum sampling amount were studied,and the mineralogy differences of soil samples reflected by these differences were discussed.XRD analysis showed that the main mineral composition of soil was quartz,potassium feldspar and montmorillonite,with plagioclase,hornblende and kaolinite were also present in different soil samples.The national first-class standard substances were selected to test the precision and accuracy of XRF.The results showed that the error range was between-4.68 % and 1.79%,and the relative standard deviation was less than 5.89%,indicating that the analysis method meets the requirements of analysis and testing.The major and trace elements in soil were compared and analyzed,and the Euclidean distance method was used to calculate the differences between soil samples.By using the above two analytical methods to explore the geological information characteristics such as mineralogy and elemental composition of different soils,it is possible to effectively indicate their sources and provide data support for distinguishing soil physical evidence in different regions.
作者
金一
安帅
宋丽华
JIN Yi;AN Shuai;SONG Li-hua(College of Forensic Science and Technology,Criminal Investigation Police University of China,Shenyang 110035,China;Key Laboratory of Forensic Science,Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110035,China;Shenyang Center of Geological Survey,CGS,Shenyang 110034,China;Key Laboratory of Black Land Evolution and Ecological Effects,MNR,Shenyang 110034,China)
出处
《化学研究与应用》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第8期1759-1766,共8页
Chemical Research and Application
基金
公安部科技强警基础工作专项(2017GABJC09)资助
辽宁省教育厅基本科研重点攻关项目(LJKZZ20220004)资助
中国刑事警察学院公安学科基础理论研究创新计划(2022XKGJ0111)资助
辽宁省法庭科学重点实验室开放课题(FTKX2022KF03)资助。
关键词
泥土物证
X射线粉晶衍射
X射线荧光光谱
最小取样量
欧氏距离
soil physical evidence
X-ray diffraction
X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
minimum sampling amount
euclidean distance
