摘要
预测受威胁物种的适生区、识别生物多样性热点区域,对制定科学合理的保护策略极为重要。目前适生区及生物多样性热点区的识别研究在动植物中的应用较多,而在大型真菌中的应用较少。本研究基于2013-2022年在海南岛进行的大型真菌和植物多样性本底调查获得的物种名录和分布信息,及GBIF公共数据库资源,筛选出受威胁或需优先保护的16种大型真菌和45种植物。采用最大熵(MaxEnt)模型,首先预测单个目标物种在国家公园内的适生区,通过图层叠加识别大型真菌、植物的多样性热点区域,将大型真菌和植物同时纳入热点区域分析,比较二者异同,并与当前海南热带雨林国家公园的边界进行比较,评估国家公园对真菌和植物的保护成效和空缺。研究结果显示:海南岛全域大型真菌、植物多样性热点区域总面积分别为271.9 km^(2)、889.0 km^(2),其中大型真菌与植物重叠的热点区域为214.0 km^(2)(78.7%),而非重叠的热点区域面积分别为57.9 km^(2)和675.0 km^(2);大型真菌在海南岛东北沿海区域形成较大面积(2,412.8 km^(2))的次热点区域,而该区域为植物的冷点区域;同时考虑大型真菌和植物时,海南岛全域热点区域为601.0 km^(2),其中位于国家公园和国家公园核心保护区的面积分别为572.8 km^(2)(95.3%)和518.2 km^(2)(86.2%),主要集中在海拔700–1,200 m的山地雨林区;国家公园内有54.6 km^(2)热点区域位于一般管控区内,28.2 km^(2)的热点区域位于热带雨林国家公园界外的海南岛东南部,应加强对这些区域的生物多样性保护。在生物多样性热点区域识别分析中,将大型真菌纳入考查范围将能更有效地保护生物多样性和生态系统的完整性。
Aims:Predicting the suitable habitats for threatened species and identifying biodiversity hotspots are highly effective for developing scientifically sound biodiversity conservation strategies.However,current research on the identification of suitable habitats and biodiversity hotspots primarily focused on animals and plants,with little consideration for macrofungi.Methods:We used species lists and distribution information obtained from baseline surveys of macrofungi and plant diversity conducted on Hainan Island between 2013 and 2022,as well as resources from the GBIF public database,to screen macrofungi(16 species)and plants(45)that were threatened or in need of priority protection.Using the maximum entropy(MaxEnt)model,the suitable habitats for individual target species within the national park were first predicted.Biodiversity hotspot areas for macrofungi and plants were identified through distribution map layers overlay,and the similarities and differences between them were compared.These results were then compared with the current boundaries of the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park to evaluate the effectiveness and gaps in the protection of macrofungi and plants by the national park.Results:The results showed that the total area of biodiversity hotspot regions for macrofungi and plants across Hainan Island was 271.9 km^(2) and 889.0 km^(2),respectively,with an overlapping hotspot area of 214.0 km^(2)(78.7%).Non-overlapping hotspot areas were 57.9 km^(2) for macrofungi and 675.0 km^(2) for plants.Macrofungi formed a substantial secondary hotspot region(2,412.8 km^(2))in the northeastern coastal area of Hainan Island,which was a cold spot region for plants.When considering both macrofungi and plants,the total hotspot area across Hainan Island was 601.0 km^(2),with 572.8 km^(2)(95.3%)located within the national park and 518.2 km^(2)(86.2%)within the core protection zone of the national park,mainly concentrated in the mountain rainforest at an altitude of 700–1,200 m.There were 54.6 km^(2) of hotspot areas within the general control zone of the national park and 28.2 km^(2) of hotspot areas located outside the boundaries of the tropical rainforest national park in southeastern Hainan Island.Conclusion:Biodiversity conservation should be strengthened in these areas.Including macrofungi in biodiversity hotspot identification analysis can more effectively protect biodiversity and the integrity of ecosystems.
作者
王艳丽
张英
戚春林
张昌达
史佑海
杜彦君
丁琼
Yanli Wang;Ying Zhang;Chunlin Qi;Changda Zhang;Youhai Shi;Yanjun Du;Qiong Ding(College of Ecology,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Institute of Microbiology,School of Ecology and Nature Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Diaoluoshan Sub-bureau of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Administration,Lingshui,Hainan 572400,China;School of Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)
出处
《生物多样性》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期110-120,共11页
Biodiversity Science
基金
海南国家公园研究院项目(KY-22ZK02)
海南省林业局项目(HD-KYH-2020008-5)。
