摘要
目的探讨基于保护动机理论的防跌倒健康教育干预方案对老年体位性低血压患者的影响。方法将南通市某三级甲等医院2019年1月—2022年12月收治的400例≥65岁老年体位性低血压患者分为干预组(199例)和对照组(201例),对照组实施常规健康教育,干预组在常规健康教育基础上实施基于保护动机理论的健康教育干预方案,采用简明健康调查问卷(SF-36)、老年人跌倒风险评估量表、老年人平衡力测试表,比较2组患者干预前、干预后6个月的跌倒风险、平衡力及生存质量评分情况。结果400例患者平均年龄(66.53±7.51)岁,干预组与对照组在年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、月收入等社会人口学特征分布差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。干预前2组患者平衡力测试、跌倒风险评估及SF-36得分差异无统计意义(均P>0.05)。干预6个月后,SF-36除健康变化维度外,干预组得分均高于对照组;干预组平衡力及跌倒风险得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论基于保护动机理论的防跌倒健康教育干预方案有助于降低老年体位性低血压患者跌倒风险,提升平衡力,改善生存质量。
Objective To evaluate the impact of a health education intervention based on the protection motivation theory(PMT)on the prevention of falls in elderly hospitalized patients with orthostatic hypotension(OH).Methods A total of 400 elderly OH patients aged≥65 years admitted to a tertiary grade A hospital in Nantong city from January 2019 to December 2022 were divided into an intervention group(n=199)and a control group(n=201).The control group received routine health education on fall prevention,while the intervention group received an additional health education intervention program based on PMT.The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey(SF-36),the Fall Risk Assessment Scale for the Elderly,and the Balance Test Scale for the Elderly were used to collect information on the two groups'fall risk,balance ability,and quality of life scores of before and 6 months after the intervention.Results The mean age of the 400 patients was 66.53±7.51 years.There were no statistically significant differences in age,sex,education level,occupation,marital status,and monthly income between the intervention and control groups(all P>0.05).Before the intervention,there were no statistically significant differences in balance test,fall risk assessment and SF-36 scores between the two groups(all P>0.05).After 6 months of intervention,except for the health change dimension,the SF-36 scores of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group;the balance ability and fall risk scores of the intervention group were lower than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion The PMT-based fall prevention health education intervention program can help reduce the risk of falls,improve balance,and improve the quality of life of elderly patients with OH.
作者
申海燕
黄金燕
马雨晨
钱湘云
SHEN Haiyan;HUANG Jinyan;MA Yuchen;QIAN Xiangyun(The Third People's Hospital of Nantong,Afiliated Nantong Third Hospital of Nantong University,Nantong 226006,China;School of Medicine,Nantong University,Nantong 226000,China)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期750-753,共4页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
江苏省老年健康科研项目(LD2021033)
南通市卫生健康委员会科研立项课题(MSZ2023053)。
关键词
保护动机理论
老年人
体位性低血压
跌倒风险
平衡力
生存质量
protection motivation theory
the elderly
orthostatic hypotension
fall risk
balance ability
quality of life
