摘要
背景戒烟行为改变技术(BCTs)是指可以改变参与者吸烟行为的干预内容的明确表述,目前尚缺乏研究探索我国戒烟门诊医务人员BCTs使用现状。目的了解我国戒烟门诊医务人员戒烟相关BCTs使用情况,并探讨医务人员BCTs使用情况、感知效果与所在门诊戒烟成功率之间的关系。方法于2022年2月—2023年3月,通过“问卷星”向我国戒烟门诊医务人员发放线上问卷,调查其44项戒烟相关BCTs使用情况、感知效果、所在门诊的戒烟成功率,以及年龄、性别等人口统计学特征。采用分层线性回归模型分析医务人员BCTs使用项数、感知效果对所在门诊戒烟成功率的影响及二者间的交互作用,采用简单斜率分析进一步检验BCTs使用项数和感知效果的交互作用。结果共回收有效问卷285份。285名戒烟门诊医务人员平均使用BCTs项数为(29±13)项,对BCTs的感知效果平均评分为(3.15±0.96)分,所在戒烟门诊的平均戒烟成功率为(37.0±24.3)%。不同最高学历、所在门诊追踪吸烟者戒烟效果情况医务人员的BCTs使用项数、感知效果比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同戒烟门诊工作年限、医院职务、所在门诊追踪吸烟者戒烟效果情况医务人员的所在门诊戒烟成功率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分层线性回归模型分析结果显示:在控制了戒烟门诊工作年限、医院职务、所在门诊是否追踪吸烟者戒烟效果3项变量后,医务人员BCTs感知效果能正向预测戒烟门诊的戒烟成功率[b(95%CI)=10.070(7.066~13.075),P<0.05],而BCTs使用项数不是戒烟门诊戒烟成功率的影响因素(P>0.05);进一步纳入BCTs使用项数×感知效果后,模型对戒烟门诊戒烟成功率的解释度增加2.2%,BCTs感知效果[b(95%CI)=11.711(8.548~14.874),P<0.05]、BCTs使用项数×感知效果[b(95%CI)=2.921(0.958~4.884),P<0.05]对戒烟成功率有正向预测作用。结论医务人员戒烟相关BCTs使用情况对所在门诊的戒烟成功率有明显影响,且BCTs使用项数、感知效果对戒烟成功率的影响有明显交互作用。未来需要完善戒烟门诊干预技术培训方案,实现干预技术理论到实践的转化和落实,以帮助更多的吸烟者成功戒烟。
Background Smoking cessation related behavior change techniques(BCTs)are defined as interventions that can change smokers'smoking behavior.At present,there are no studies to explore the current status of BCTs usage among outpatient healthcare workers for smoking cessation in China.Objective The current study aims to describe the frequency and perceived effect of medical staff using BCTs in smoking cessation clinics,and to investigate the association between the usage of BCTs by medical staff and successful quitting rate among smokers in smoking cessation clinics.Methods From February 2022 to March 2023,online questionnaire was distributed to medical staff in smoking cessation clinics in China through"WJX"to evaluate the frequency and perceived effect of 44 smoking cessation BCTs used,the success rate of smoking cessation,as well as the demographic characteristics such as age and gender.The hierarchical linear regression model and simple slope analysis were utilized to explore the factors affecting the success rate of quitting in smoking cessation clinics and to examine the interaction between frequency and perceived effect of BCTs used for promoting smoking cessation.Results Two-hundred and eighty-five healthcare professionals who had experience in smoking cessation clinics over one year were included in this study.On average,it is reported that healthcare professionals have used(29±13)smoking cessation related BCTs.The perceived average score for effectiveness of BCTs used was(3.15±0.96).The self-reported average success rate of smoking cessation was(37.0±24.3)%.There were statistically significant differences in the number of BCTs used and the perceived effect of medical staff with different highest education level and whether tracking smoking cessation rate of smokers(P<0.05).There were also statistically significant differences in the smoking cessation rate among medical staff with different years of working in smoking cessation clinics,position in the hospital and whether tracking smoking cessation rate(P<0.05).The hierarchical linear regression showed that after controlling for three variables,including the years of working in the clinics,the position of the clinic staff,and whether tracking smoking cessation rates of smokers,the perceived effect of BCTs used could positively predict the success rate of smoking cessation in the smoking cessation clinic[b(95%CI)=10.070(7.066-13.075),P<0.05].While the number of BCTs used was not a significant factor in the success rate of smoking cessation(P>0.05).When the interaction item of BCTs used×effect perception was further included,the explanatory of the model for the success rate of smoking cessation in the smoking cessation clinic increased by 2.2%,and the perceived effect of BCTs[b(95%CI)=11.711(8.548-14.874),P<0.05],the number of BCTs used×effect perception had a positive predictive effect on the success rate of smoking cessation[b(95%CI)=2.921(0.958-4.884),P<0.05].Conclusion The use of quitting BCTs had a significant impact on the rate of successful smoking cessation in the smoking cessation clinic,and the number of BCTs used and the perceived effect had a significant interaction effect on the success rate of smoking cessation.In the future,it is necessary to improve the training program of smoking cessation practices,and accelerate the transformation and implementation of smoking cessation related BCTs so as to help more smokers to quit smoking successfully.
作者
洪秋棉
廖艳辉
景晓娟
张宁
HONG Qiumian;LIAO Yanhui;JING Xiaojuan;ZHANG Ning(School of Public Health,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310058,China;Clinical Big Data and Statistics Center,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310058,China;Department of Psychiatry,Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310016,China;Beijing Youth Research Institute/Youth Work College,Beijing Youth Politics College,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第34期4256-4263,4272,共9页
Chinese General Practice
基金
浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y202248593)
浙江大学“百人计划”启动经费
浙江省智能预防医学重点实验室(2020E10004)
浙江省领军型创新创业团队(2019R01007)。
关键词
戒烟门诊
行为改变技术
使用频率
感知效果
戒烟成功率
分层线性回归
交互效应
Smoking cessation clinics
Behavior change techniques
Usage frequency
Perceived effect
Success rate of smoking cessation
Hierarchical linear regression
Interaction effects
