摘要
目的:探讨下肢肌力锻炼联合加压运动干预对增加肌肉质量,提高肌肉力量的干预效果。方法:选取48名符合实验条件的老年肌少症受试者随机分为3组:安静对照组(C组,n=16),不进行干预,维持原有生活状态;下肢肌力锻炼组(ST组,n=16),依次进行6种动作模式下的专项下肢肌力锻炼;下肢加压肌力锻炼组(KT组,n=16),采用专业加压仪器对大腿近端进行捆绑加压,锻炼方式同ST组。采用双因素方差分析比较10周运动干预前、后,肌肉质量及肌肉力量指标的变化。结果:经10周干预后,1)KT组胫骨前肌肌肉横截面积、肌肉厚度均显著升高(P<0.05),且与C组、ST组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);2)KT组小腿围显著增加(P<0.05),且与C组、ST组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05);3)KT组下肢肌肉质量显著升高(P<0.05),且与C组相比差异显著(P<0.05),骨骼肌质量指数与C组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05);4)ST组足跖屈时相对峰力矩显著高于C组(P<0.05),KT组足背屈时峰力矩、相对峰力矩显著增加(P<0.05),且与C组、ST组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05),足跖屈时峰力矩、相对峰力矩极显著增加(P<0.01),且与C组、ST组相比有极显著性差异(P<0.01);5)ST组腓肠肌肌肉力量显著升高(P<0.05),且与C组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05),KT组腓肠肌肌肉力量极显著增加(P<0.01),且与C组、ST组相比具有极显著性差异(P<0.01);6)KT组股四头肌、胫骨前肌肌肉力量显著增加(P<0.05),且与C组、ST组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.05);7)KT组30 s连续坐起次数显著升高(P<0.01),且与C组、ST组相比具有极显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:1)单纯下肢肌肉力量锻炼能够显著增强腓肠肌肌肉力量,加压下肢肌力锻炼对提升胫骨前肌肌肉质量、增加下肢肌肉质量和提高除大腿后侧肌群外的下肢肌肉力量效果显著;2)相较于单纯的下肢肌力锻炼,加压下肢肌力锻炼对老年肌少症患者腓肠肌肌肉力量的增益效果更为显著。
Objective:To explore the effect of lower extremity muscle strength exercise combined with KAATSU exercise on enhancing muscle mass,muscle strength.Methods:Fortyeight elderly sarcopenia subjects who met the experimental conditions were screened and randomly divided into three groups:the quiet control group(C,n=16),maintained the original status of life without intervention;the lower extremity muscle strength training group(ST,n=16),performed special lower limb muscle strength exercises in six action modes in turn;the lower extremity compression muscle strength training group(KT,n=16),the proximal thigh was bound and pressurized by professional compression instrument,and the exercise method was the same as that of ST group.Two-factor analysis of variance was used to compare the changes of muscle mass and muscle strength before and after ten weeks of exercise intervention.Results:1)The cross-sectional area and muscle thickness of tibialis anterior in KT group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and there were significant differences between the two groups(P<0.05).2)Calf circumference of KT group increased significantly(P<0.05),and there was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).3)Lower limb muscle mass of KT group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the difference was significant compared with C group (P<0.05), and the muscle mass index was also significantly different from C group (P<0.05). 4) The relative peak torque of plantar flexion in ST group was significantly higher than that in C group (P<0.05). In KT group, the peak torque and relative peak torque of dorsum flexion increased significantly (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference between groups (P<0.05). The peak torque and relative peak torque of plantar flexion increased significantly (P<0.01), and there was also a significant difference between groups (P<0.01). 5) Gastrocne‐mius muscle strength in ST group was significantly increased (P<0.05) and there was a significant difference compared with C group (P<0.05), and the muscle strength of gastrocnemius in KT group increased significantly (P<0.01), and there was a significant difference with C group and KT group (P<0.01). 6) In KT group, the muscle strength of quadriceps femoris and tibialis anterior increased significantly (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference with C group and ST group (P<0.05). 7) In KT group, the number of sitting-ups within 30 s increased significantly (P<0.01), and there was also a significant difference between groups (P<0.01). Conclusions: 1) Single lower extremity muscle strength exercise can significantly enhance the gastrocnemius muscle strength, lower extremity compression muscle strength exercise has a significant effect on increasing tibialis anterior mass and total muscle mass of lower limbs, and improving lower limb muscle strength except posterior thigh muscles. 2) Compared with single lower limb mus‐cle strength exercise, lower extremity compression muscle strength has a more significant gain effect on gastrocnemius muscle strength in elderly patients with sarcopenia.
作者
张明月
张林
ZHANG Mingyue;ZHANG Lin(Soochow University,Suzhou 215021,China)
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第6期51-60,共10页
China Sport Science and Technology
关键词
老年人
肌少症
肌力锻炼
加压训练
elder people
sarcopenia
muscle strength exercise
KAATSU training
