摘要
重载货运列车编组长、载重大、覆盖线路纵断面复杂,若操纵不当,极易引起列车冲动以及过多的能量消耗,甚至引起跳钩、断钩等安全事故。为了研究重载列车在起伏坡道运行时的最优操纵策略,文章提出了一种基于蚁群算法的区间运行曲线规划算法。首先,建立了列车纵向动力学多质点模型,并将翟方法应用到模型状态变量求解中;其次,从车钩力角度深入分析,建立了基于车钩力约束的安全评价指标以及基于车钩力状态变化的平稳评价指标,并结合重载列车的实际运行操纵约束,构建了带约束的多目标优化数学模型;最后,应用蚁群算法对该模型进行求解,获得重载列车在起伏坡道区间运行时的最优操纵曲线。基于实际线路数据,对本文算法进行了仿真验证,结果表明,对比优秀司机人工操纵,其在车钩状态转换次数及车钩力变化斜率指标上平均降低3%以上,有效提升了列车的运行品质。
The operation of heavy-haul trains is susceptible to train impulses and excessive energy consumption due to improper control,which can lead to safety incidents such as coupler jumping and breaking.These issues arise from their long formations and heavy loads,as well as the complex longitudinal profiles of heavy-haul railways.In order to explore an optimal control strategy for heavy-haul trains running on undulating tracks,this paper proposes a curve planning algorithm based on the ant colony algorithm for sectional operation.Firstly,a multi-mass model of train longitudinal dynamics was established,and Zhai's method was applied to determine the model's state variables.Secondly,from the perspective of coupler forces,a safety evaluation index based on coupler force constraints and a stability evaluation index based on changes in coupler force states were established.By integrating the actual operational constraints of heavy-haul trains,a multi-objective optimization mathematical model with constraints was constructed.Finally,the ant colony algorithm was used to solve this model,resulting in the generation of the optimal control curve for heavy-haul trains running on undulating track sections.Based on actual track data,the proposed algorithm was verified through simulations.The results showed that,compared with operation by highly skilled drivers,the algorithm reduced the number of coupler state transitions and the slope index of coupler force changes by more than 3%on average,demonstrating an effective improvement in operational quality for heavy-haul trains.
作者
蒋杰
张征方
罗源
周黄标
熊佳远
JIANG Jie;ZHANG Zhengfang;LUO Yuan;ZHOU Huangbiao;XIONG Jiayuan(Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412001,China)
出处
《控制与信息技术》
2024年第4期28-35,共8页
CONTROL AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
基金
中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划重大课题(SY2023J002)。
关键词
重载列车
起伏坡道
操纵优化
多目标优化
蚁群算法
heavy haul train
undulating track
control optimization
multi-objective optimization
ant colony algorithm
