摘要
重整反应器是连续重整装置的关键设备,反应器内气固相错流接触,当气体流速足够大时会出现空腔和贴壁的非正常现象,限制反应器的操作弹性,影响装置的安全稳定运行。采用声发射技术对冷态操作下的反应器进行检测,对比分析反应器不同运行状态的声发射信号,以便及时判断是否出现了上述非正常现象。试验结果显示:反应器正常运行时信号波形平稳,平均信号电平20 dB、幅值35~45 dB;异常时波形中出现脉冲形状,其中,空腔时平均信号电平20~35 dB、幅值35~55 dB,特征频率25~150 kHz,贴壁时平均信号电平30~60 dB、幅值35~75 dB,特征频率25~250 kHz。催化剂流动状态改变时信号的波形、特征参数和功率谱会出现明显变化。使用多个传感器可以实现对故障的定位并可识别故障类型。上述结果表明,声发射技术作为一种非侵入式的测量技术,能够有效检测连续重整反应器的运行状态,可为装置长期安全稳定运行提供技术保障。
Reforming reactor is the key equipment of continuous reforming unit.In the reactor,the contact between the gas and solid phases is a cross flow contact.The abnormal phenomena cavity and pinning could occur if the gas flow is large enough,which may greatly restrict the operating flexibility and affect the safe and stable operation of the reactor.Acoustic emission technology was used to detect the reactor under cold operation.The acoustic emission data of different operation states of the reactor were compared and analyzedso as to determine in time whether the above-mentioned abnormal phenomena occurred or not.The experimental results showed that the waveform was stable during normal operation of the reactor and the average signal level was 20 dB;the amplitude was 35~45 dB.The waveform displayed pulse shape when the reactor was abnormal.When cavity appeared,the average signal level was 20~35 dB;the amplitude was 35~55 dB and the characteristic frequency was 25~150 kHz.When pinning appeared,the average signal level was 30~60 dB;the amplitude was 35~75 dB and the characteristic frequency was 25~250 kHz.The waveform,characteristic parameters and power spectrum of the signal changed obviously when the flow state of the catalyst changed.By using multiple sensors,the fault could be located and the fault type could be identified.The above results indicate that as a non-invasive measurement technology,acoustic emission technology can effectively detect the operation state of the continuous reforming reactor and can provide technical support for the long-term safe and stable operation of the device.
作者
莫雅婧
鲍文俊
陈剑飞
Mo Yajing;Bao Wenjun;Chen Jianfei(SINOPEC Engineering Group Luoyang R&D Center of Technology,Luoyang,471003)
出处
《石油化工设备技术》
CAS
2024年第5期6-10,I0001,共6页
Petrochemical Equipment Technology
基金
中国石油化工股份有限公司(批准号:118016-6)资助的课题。
关键词
重整反应器
气固流
声发射
空腔
贴壁
故障诊断
reforming reactor
gas-solid flow
acoustic emission
cavity
pinning
fault diagnosis
