摘要
历史上的荀子“罢祀”事件需要在一个更宏观的思想史背景下审视。根据当代学者的研究,荀子在明代遭到罢祀的主要原因在于其“性恶”“礼伪”的思想不合于宋明理学的道统观,被视为不传“圣人之道”。通过考察二程在不识性、不知诚、悖圣人三个层面对荀子的批判,可以发现荀子之所以被视为不传“圣人之道”,是因为其对性道关系、心道关系、圣人与道的关系的理解,不符合二程为“圣人之道”所构建的新的形上基础。进一步说,正是由于以“仁义之行”为不变内涵的“道”,在表现形式上发生了由“礼义之统”到“天命之性”的转变,才导致荀子被视为不传“圣人之道”,并最终因“言性恶”的理论问题而遭罢祀。
Xunzi(313?238 B.C.)was a great materialist thinker and one of the representatives of Confucian school of the Warring States Period.The dethroning of him needs to be examined in the history of thought.Xunzi was dethroned,becoming an outcast from the Confucian shrine during the Ming Dynasty.According to the research of contemporary scholars,the main reason behind this was that his assertion of human nature of evil,ritual of hypocrisy was not accepted by other Confucian scholars in the Song and Ming Dynasties,and was regarded as the rebel of the Tao of the sage.The two famous Confucianists Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi denounced Xunzi for his distortion of human nature and honesty,disrespect for the sage.By analyzing the criticism,it can be found that Xunzi’s understanding of the relationships between Tao and human nature,honesty,the sage does not conform to the new metaphysical foundation constructed by the Cheng brothers for the Tao of the sage.The Tao,with implementing benevolence and righteousness as the constant connotation,has transformed from“the rule by propriety and righteousness”to“the human nature from the mandate of heaven”.This transition explains why Xunzi was regarded as a rebel of the Tao of the sage,and finally dethroned for his theory of human nature of evil.
作者
魏雅儒
杨少涵
WEI Yaru;YANG Shaohan(School of Philosophy and Social Development,Huaqiao University,Xiamen,Fujian,361021,China)
出处
《盐城师范学院学报（人文社会科学版）》
2024年第5期33-39,共7页
Journal of Yancheng Teachers University（Humanities & Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
二程
荀子
罢祀
道
性恶
Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi
Xunzi
dethroning
Tao
human nature of evil
