摘要
近年来,中国劳动者的教育错配情况逐渐成为劳动力市场上不可忽视的问题。基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2016-2020年数据,构建固定效应模型,分析互联网使用对劳动者教育错配的影响,并对上述影响的传导机制及对不同群体的异质影响进行探讨。研究结果显示:(1)互联网使用可以减少劳动者的教育错配;(2)互联网使用有助于信息获取及社会资本增加,由此减少劳动者的教育错配;(3)互联网使用对过度教育和教育不足现象均有缓解作用,且更有利于减少包括女性、低社会经济地位和农村劳动者在内的特定群体的教育错配情况。这体现了互联网使用在促进高质量充分就业和提升就业公平层面的积极意义。
In recent years,the educational mismatch among Chinese workers has gradually become an issue in the labor market.The educational mismatch is not only detrimental to the career development of workers but also causes a significant waste of human resources,which is not conducive to the stability of the labor market and long-term economic development.Research has shown that educational matching is beneficial for improving the employment quality of workers;therefore,effectively alleviating educational mismatch can promote full and high-quality employment and economic development.Internet use is of positive significance for the alleviation of the educational mismatch among workers.However,existing literature on Internet use and the labor market mainly focuses on the impact of Internet use on labor participation,personal income,and employment quality,while few scholars discuss the role of Internet use in the educational mismatch of workers from a microscopic perspective.Therefore,this paper uses the data from the China Family Panel Studies during 2016-2020 to discuss the impact of Internet use on the educational mismatch of workers,the transmission mechanism of the impact,and the heterogeneous impact on different groups.Specifically,the main conclusions of this paper are as follows.(1)Internet use can reduce the educational mismatch among workers.After using an instrumental variable to alleviate endogeneity problems and multiple methods to conduct robustness tests,the above conclusions are still valid,which reflects the positive significance of Internet use in promoting full and high-quality employment.(2)The mechanism analysis shows that Internet use can increase workers information access and social capital,thus helping workers find jobs more suitable for their education.(3)Further discussions show that Internet use alleviates both over-education and insufficient education,and it is more conducive to relatively vulnerable groups,including female workers,workers with low socio-economic status,and rural workers.This shows that the popularity and use of the Internet have a positive impact on employment equity,which is of positive significance for narrowing the gap between the rich and poor and improving social mobility.This paper puts forward the following suggestions.First,it is necessary to optimize and upgrade the Internet infrastructure,improve hardware and software support equipment,constantly improve the Internet penetration rate,and narrow the digital gap between regions.Second,it is necessary to promote the digital transformation of the labor market,build an employment support system and a platform for sharing information among workers,and provide core technical support and innovative impetus for educational matching.Finally,on the path to common prosperity,the government needs to give more attention to vulnerable groups,providing them with training on Internet use,enhancing their accessibility to the Internet,and improving the awareness of Internet information to promote employment fairness in the job search process and achieve full and high-quality employment.
作者
程雅雯
闫思宇
龙媛
CHENG Yawen;YAN Siyu;LONG Yuan(Peking University,Beijing 100871)
出处
《首都经济贸易大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第5期81-95,共15页
Journal of Capital University of Economics and Business
关键词
互联网使用
教育错配
信息获取
社会资本
高质量充分就业
Internet use
educational mismatch
information access
social capital
full and high-quality employment
