摘要
水资源保护是关乎民生福祉和国家安全的重要基础性工作。在新时期生态文明和美丽中国建设背景下,水资源保护亟需向流域化、系统化、生态化方向发展。研究基于对水资源系统多维属性功能的解析,从流域整体视角剖析了人类活动对水资源系统的干扰特征,提出了水资源“量-质-域-流-生”全要素保护策略,明确了水资源全要素保护的概念、内涵及体系架构。进一步,从服务于我国水资源管理实践角度,提出了以“退水还河、退污还清、退地还盆、退堵还疏、退渔还生”为核心的水资源全要素保护策略,明确了东北地区、黄淮海地区、长江中下游地区、东南沿海地区、西南地区、西北地区的水资源保护核心要点。最后,从政策法规、制度建设、监管体系等提出了推进我国水资源全要素保护的对策与措施。研究成果是对传统水资源保护工作的有益发展,为新时期国家治水实践提供了有力抓手。
The protection of water resources is an important and fundamental task for people′s well-being and national security.In the context of the construction of ecological civilization and beautiful China in the new period,water resources protection needs to be urgently developed in the direction of watersheds,systems and ecology.Based on the analysis of the multi-dimensional attributes and functions of the water resources system,the study analyses the interference characteristics of human activities on the water resources system from the perspective of the watershed as a whole,puts forward a strategy for total elements protection of the water resources,including“quantity-quality-domain-connectivity-biology”,and clarifies the concepts,connotations,and architecture of the total elements protection of water resources.Further,from the perspective of serving China′s water resources management practice,the strategies of total elements protection of water resources,characterized by“increasing water resources to rivers,reducing pollutants to rivers,increasing land to waters,increasing liquidity to rivers,and increasing aquatic diversity to waters”,have been put forward.At the same time,the core works for water resource protection in the Northeast,the Huang-Huai-Hai regions,the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,the Southeast Coastal Region,the Southwest Region,and the Northwest Region have been clearly defined.Finally,the measures to promote the protection of total elements of China′s water resources are proposed in terms of policies and regulations,institutional construction and regulatory system.The result are a useful supplement to traditional water resource protection and provide a powerful grip for the practice of water management in the country in the new era.
作者
王建华
刘欢
胡鹏
WANG Jianhua;LIU Huan;HU Peng(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《水利水电技术（中英文）》
北大核心
2024年第8期51-58,共8页
Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFC3205000)
国家自然科学基金重大基金项目(52394230)
中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(2023QNRC001)。
关键词
水资源保护
量-质-域-流-生
全要素
体系架构
策略
人类活动
protection of water resources
quantity-quality-domain-connectivity-biology
total elements
architecture
strategies
human activities
