摘要
为提高驾驶员泊车效率,本文考虑不同停车库占用率下的停车库运营者及驾驶员泊位分配需求,构建大型停车库泊位分配模型。本文引入停车库占用率将停车库空满等级划分为空闲泊位充裕时段、空闲泊位适中时段、空闲泊位紧缺时段,综合考虑停车库运营者运营管理需求与驾驶员快速寻泊需求,以寻位行驶时间、离开停车库行驶时间为参数构建运营管理时间效用函数,以寻位行驶时间、停车入位耗时、步行时间为参数构建驾驶员泊车耗时效用函数;将运营管理时间效用与驾驶员泊车耗时效用加权统一为总时间效用,以总时间效用最大化为目标,建立兼顾停车库运营者及驾驶员泊位分配需求的泊位分配模型;引入泊位利用率、停车总耗时量化模型性能。以西安市某大型商业停车库为例,选取9:00、11:30、13:00表征空闲泊位充裕、空闲泊位适中、空闲泊位紧缺时段进行泊位分配。不同停车库空满等级下,停车库内空闲泊位的总时间效用与停车总耗时均呈负显著相关,其中,空闲泊位充裕时段,停车库内空闲泊位的总时间效用与停车总耗时的相关性最弱,相关系数为-0.461;空闲泊位紧缺时段,停车库内空闲泊位的总时间效用与泊位利用率呈正显著相关,相关系数为0.710。研究表明本模型可在优选停车总耗时较小泊位的基础上,为停车高峰时段预留利用率较高的泊位,提高空闲泊位紧缺时段的泊车效率及驾驶员的泊车满意度。
To improve parking efficiency,this study considers the parking berths allocation needs of parking garage operators and drivers under different parking garage occupancy rates and constructs a large parking garage parking berths allocation model.By introducing the occupancy rate,garage emptiness and fullness levels were categorized into periods with ample empty berths,moderate empty berths,and scarce empty berths.Considering the operational management needs of parking garage operators and drivers’needs for quick parking berth finding,this study constructs operational management time utility functions based on the time spent searching for a parking berth and the time to exit the parking garage.Similarly,driver parking time utility functions were established based on the time spent searching for a berth, the times pent parking into a berth, and walking time.The operational management time utility and driver parking time utility were combined into a total time utility, weighted and unified to maximize this total time utility to create a parking berths allocation model that addresses both the needs of parking garage operators and drivers.Berth utilization rates and total parking times were introduced to evaluate model performance.A large commercial parking garage in Xi’an City was selected for this case study.The time periods of 9:00, 11:30, and 13:00 were selected as representative time periods with different garage emptiness and fullness levels, namely, ample empty berths, moderate empty berths, and scarce empty berths.Under different levels of parking garage occupancy, the total time utility of empty berths was negatively correlated with the total parking time consumed under different emptiness and fullness levels. Specifically, during periods of ample empty berths, the correlation between total time utility and total parking time consumed was weakest, with a correlation coefficient of -0.461.The total time utility of empty berths was positively correlated with the berth utilization rates during periods of scarce empty berths, with a correlation coefficient of 0.710;this indicates that the model can reserve parking berths with high utilization rates for peak periods under the premise of prioritizing berths with shorter total parking times, thereby improving parking efficiency and driver satisfaction during periods with scarce empty berths.
作者
李聪颖
袁锴璐
张洪涛
王琦
贠开拓
史彤彤
李坤
LI Congying;YUAN Kailu;ZHANG Hongtao;WANG Qi;YUN Kaituo;SHI Tongtong;LI Kun(School of Civil Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)
出处
《交通运输工程与信息学报》
2024年第3期181-195,共15页
Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information
基金
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2020JM-478)
西安市重点产业链攻关一般项目(24ZDCYJSGG0016)。
关键词
交通工程
泊位分配
停车库占用率
停车总耗时
效用理论
CRITIC法
traffic engineering
parking allocation
berth occupancy rate
total parking duration
utility theory
CRITIC method
