摘要
【目的】中国是煤炭大国,在煤炭行业迫切需要转型的形势下,研究赋煤区的地热资源成因与分布规律十分必要。华北赋煤区地热资源储量占全国的74.7%,是中国地热资源最富集的区域之一。区内分布有渤海湾盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地、沁水盆地和南华北盆地等主要含煤盆地,其岩石圈热状态自东向西逐步降低。地热储包括新生界砂岩孔隙型和寒武-奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶-裂隙型两大类型。碳酸盐岩岩溶-裂隙热储温度高、水量大、易于回灌,是煤田区地热勘查与开发利用的优先选择。【方法】针对煤田区地热地质的特点,开展地热系统动力学分析,优选华北赋煤区的地热勘查与开发区域。【结果和结论】提出煤田区有以下4种聚热模式:(1)煤层与碳酸盐岩地层储盖组合传导聚热;(2)基岩面起伏变化传导聚热;(3)断裂带地下水活动对流聚热;(4)碳酸盐岩基岩面风化壳岩溶以及侵入体接触面岩溶对流聚热。并结合实例进行数值模拟分析。在此基础上,指出华北赋煤区地热勘查与开发优先方向是深部碳酸盐岩储层中的地热资源。地热能作为非碳基能源之一,以其储量大、清洁、输出连续的特点,在未来社会对电力、燃料和热力三大能源需求中的热力供应方面尤其可以做出重要贡献,而中国地热与煤炭资源在空间分布上的重叠,使地热开发利用成为煤炭行业转型的有效途径之一。
Objective China is a major producer and consumer of coal resources in the world.The urgent need for the transition of the coal industry necessitates the investigation of both the origin and distribution patterns of geothermal resources in the coal-bearing areas of the country.The coal-bearing area in North China,with geothermal reserves accounting for 74.7%of the whole country,stands out as one of the areas with the most abundant geothermal resources nationally.This area encompasses four major coal-bearing basins:the Bohai Bay,Ordos,Qinshui,and Southern North China,with the lithospheric thermal state gradually weakening from east to west.Two types of geothermal reservoirs are found in the area,namely Cenozoic porous sandstone reservoirs and Cambrian-Ordovician karst-fissured carbonate reservoirs,with the latter proving preferred for the exploration,exploitation,and utilization of geothermal resources in coal fields due to its high temperatures,high water volume,and ease of reinjection.Methods Based on the geothermal geological characteristics of coal fields in China,this study conducted a dynamic analysis of geothermal systems and,accordingly,selected the optimal targets for geothermal exploration and exploitation.Results and Conclusions Four heat accumulation patterns are identified in the coal fields:(1)heat conduction by reservoir-cap rock assemblages consisting of carbonate reservoirs and coal seams as cap rocks.(2)heat conduction under the influence of bedrock surface undulations.(3)heat convection induced by groundwater motion in fault zones.(4)heat convection due to the weathered crust karstification of carbonate bedrock surfaces and the karstification of the contact surface of intrusions.The analysis of these heat accumulation patterns through numerical simulations of examples reveals that the optimal exploration and exploitation targets in the coal-bearing area in North China are identified as geothermal resources in deep carbonate reservoirs.Geothermal energy,featuring considerable reserves,cleanliness,and continuous supply as a type of non-carbon-based energy,will contribute significantly to the heat supply in the energy demands for electricity,fuel,and heat.The geothermal and coal resources in China overlap spatially,establishing the exploitation and utilization of geothermal resources as an effective way to the transition of the coal industry.
作者
庞忠和
段忠丰
PANG Zhonghe;DUAN Zhongfeng(State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;College of Earth and Planetary Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China)
出处
《煤田地质与勘探》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期14-22,共9页
Coal Geology & Exploration
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41877209)。
关键词
赋煤区
地热资源
聚热模式
开发利用
华北地区
coal-bearing area
geothermal resource
heat accumulation pattern
exploitation and utilization
North China
