摘要
国家水网建设和水生态安全保障是当前和今后一个时期水利行业的核心工作,准确认识两者的辩证关系,对于促进水利高质量发展、为中国式现代化提供高标准水安全保障具有重要意义。从国家水网建设与我国生态安全总体格局、北方生态屏障区保护修复、缺水地区河湖生态环境复苏、地下水超采区治理恢复、河湖水质改善、重要湿地及其生物多样性保护等六个方面的关系阐述了国家水网对于保障国家生态安全的重要作用。科学解析了国家水网规划、建设与运行对生态安全保障可能带来的影响,提出协同推进国家水网建设与生态安全保障的措施建议:优化国家生态安全保障整体格局,明晰重点区域生态安全保障水资源需求;在国家水网框架内,开展国家水生态网整体规划与建设;维护和发挥地下水应急储备水源功能,构建立体国家水网;加强水网内部源头减排与属地治理,建设清洁水网;发挥国家战略储备水源区作用,降低集中调水对长江流域的影响;加强水工程全生命期绿色技术研发与应用。
The construction of the national water network and the safeguarding of water ecological security are core tasks for the water sector now and in the future.Accurately understanding the dialectical relationship between the two is crucial for promoting high-quality development and providing high-level water security for Chinese path to modernization.This paper elaborates on the importance of the national water network in ensuring ecological security from the relationship between the construction of the national water network and six aspects:the overall framework of China’s ecological security,the protection and restoration of the northern ecological barrier areas,the ecological restoration of rivers and lakes in water-scarce regions,the recovery of groundwater in over-exploited areas,the improvement of river and lake water quality,and the protection of important wetlands and biodiversity.A scientific analysis is provided on the potential impact of the planning,construction,and operation of the national water network on ecological security.Several measures are proposed to promote the coordinated advancement of the national water network construction and ecological security safeguarding:optimizing the overall layout of ecological security and clarifying the water resource demands for ecological security in key regions;planning and constructing a national water ecological network within the framework of the national water network;maintaining and enhancing the function of groundwater as an emergency water source to build a three-dimensional national water network;reducing pollution at the source and strengthening local governance to build a clean water network;leveraging the role of strategic water source reserves to mitigate the impact of large-scale water diversion on the Yangtze River basin;and enhancing the research and application of green technologies throughout the life cycle of water projects.
作者
王建华
胡鹏
Wang Jianhua;Hu Peng
出处
《中国水利》
2024年第17期48-51,61,共5页
China Water Resources
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3205000)
国家自然科学基金(52122902、52394233、U2240202)。
关键词
国家水网
生态安全
河湖生态复苏
水工程生态影响
national water network
ecological security
river and lake ecological restoration
ecological impacts of water projects
