摘要
为适应农业学科发展和人才培养需求,探索未来农田实践教学基地建设的核心内容和教学模式,该文分析讨论了某高校未来农田实践教学基地的建设内容和特点,详述了结合科研实际和企业生产的基地实景。未来农田场景包括空地一体化信息获取环境与装备、无人农场决策支持系统和农机农艺相融合的无人操作农机装备系统,以实现无人或少人管理,据此开展的实践教学吸引了涉农和非农学科学生,在实践教学模式创新方面取得了一定的成绩。
[Objective]Construction of unmanned farmland scenes is the cornerstone for developing smart agriculture and an inevitable choice for accelerating the modernization of agriculture in China.In addition,it has a positive effect on accelerating research in artificial intelligence.Strengthening analytical research on the characteristics of unmanned farmlands and correspondingly constructing practical teaching bases are of great importance for building world-class universities with high-level agricultural disciplines and talent cultivation.[Methods]Therefore,this study combines the practice of constructing unmanned farms at the Agricultural Experiment Station of Zhejiang University and related cooperative enterprises,as well as ongoing practical teaching,to investigate the characteristics of unmanned farmland scenarios and the paradigm of training.First,the analysis and discussion contents of this study are mainly retrieved from actual training at the Smart Agriculture Practice Teaching Base at the Agricultural Experiment Station of Zhejiang University.Second,the analysis of relevant farmland characteristics is combined with ongoing research activities of smart agriculture.Third,the construction content integrates the actual work conducted at the demonstration site of the cooperative enterprise.Fourth,we also retrieve some materials from the practical work of the Agricultural Experiment Station of Zhejiang University.[Results]The results indicate that the characteristics of unmanned farmland scenes mainly include three aspects.The first involves information acquisition equipment at scales of space,air,and ground levels,including the Beidou satellite navigation system,a resource satellite,an unmanned aerial vehicle,a monitoring instrument system for crop growth,and environmental factors.The second is the decision support system of unmanned farms,which includes intelligent decision-making for planting,land preparation,and field management.The intelligent planting decision system must determine appropriate sowing or transplanting time based on actual weather conditions for each season as well as specific instructions such as seed rate,row space,and sowing depth.The intelligent farmland preparation decision-making system must command unmanned tractors to plow the land,achieving the requirement that the height variation of the whole field be within 3 cm.The unmanned agricultural machinery equipment system should adapt to the double planting system of rice and wheat in the Hangzhou region.The third is an unmanned agricultural machinery and equipment system that integrates agricultural machinery and agronomy to adapt to various cropping systems.It can meet the demands of the entire process of field operations,such as irrigation,fertilization,and spraying,for different crops in various planting systems.Students from relevant disciplines at Zhejiang University have conducted different types of practical teaching along with the built unmanned farmland scenes.The construction of unmanned farmland scenes has promoted the development of related disciplines and provided rich practical teaching platforms.[Conclusion]The Agricultural Experiment Station of Zhejiang University has attained remarkable achievements in constructing unmanned farmland scene practical teaching bases and has successfully conducted a series of practical teaching and scientific research.
作者
洪之奇
胡晗
何勇
方慧
朱旭华
黄冲平
HONG Zhiqi;HU Han;HE Yong;FANG Hui;ZHU Xuhua;HUANG Chongping(Agricultural Experiment Station,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Smart Agriculture Research Institute of Zhejiang TOP Cloud-Agri Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310015,China)
出处
《实验技术与管理》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第9期260-264,共5页
Experimental Technology and Management
基金
浙江省教育厅一般科研项目(Y202351235)
浙江大学实验技术研究项目(SYBJS202325)。
关键词
智慧农业
未来农田
场景特征
实践教学模式
smart agriculture
unmanned farmland
scene characteristics
practical teaching mode
