摘要
【目的】探究香榧Torreyagrandis‘Merrillii’种实早期生长阶段枝叶与种实矿质元素质量分数、积累量的关系,为科学施肥,提升香榧种仁品质及产量提供依据。【方法】选择浙江农林大学东湖校区(2+17)a香榧试验林(砧木为2年生,嫁接后生长了17 a),采集3月上旬至7月上旬当年生侧枝(含叶片)及2代种实,对枝叶、种实中氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、锌、锰、铜质量分数及积累量动态变化关系进行分析。【结果】香榧种实早期生长阶段,种实横纵径、单果干鲜质量及含水率在4月上旬前无明显变化,4月中旬至6月中旬均增长迅速,之后趋于平稳。4月中下旬至6月中旬,枝叶中氮、磷、钾的积累量下降,而种实中氮、磷积累量及钾质量分数持续上升,表明枝叶中的氮、磷、钾优先供应种实的生长,缓生期与花芽分化期种实对氮、磷、钾的需求量较小,速生期种实对氮、磷、钾需求增加,该现象随时间推移而增强;在时间尺度上,钙在枝叶中逐渐吸收、积累,种实中钙质量分数及积累量则呈显著、极显著降低;速生期后,种实中的镁积累量增高,枝叶中镁积累量及质量分数均随着种实的膨大而下降;香榧种实早期生长阶段枝叶中锌、铜积累量呈下降趋势,种实对锌、铜、锰需求量较小。【结论】①速生期香榧种实的体积和含水率快速增加,进入充实期后趋于稳定。②元素质量分数、积累量与香榧种实生长期密切相关。为提高香榧种实品质,应在种实缓生期末期和速生期开始时施加氮、磷、钾肥,并配合施用适量锌、铜等微量元素肥料,在种实采收后施用镁肥。图5参27.
[Objective]The objective is to explore the relationship between the content and accumulation of mineral elements in the branch-leaf mixture and seeds of Torreya grandis‘Merrillii’during the early growth stage of seeds,in order to provide a basis for scientific fertilization and improve the quality and yield of T.grandis‘Merrillii’seeds.[Method]T.grandis‘Merrillii’trees(2 a rootstocks and 17 a after grafting)were selected for experiment on Donghu campus of Zhejiang A&F University.Lateral branches(with leaves)and seeds of the second generation were collected from early March to early July,and the dynamic changes in nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P),potassium(K),calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg),zinc(Zn),manganese(Mn)and copper(Cu)content and accumulation in branch-leaf mixture and seeds were analyzed.[Result]In the early growth stage of T.grandis‘Merrillii’seeds,there was no significant change in the transverse and longitudinal diameter of the seeds,dry and fresh weight,and moisture content of each fruit before early April.However,from mid April to mid June,the growth rate increased rapidly and then stabilized,and the accumulation of N,P,and K in branch-leaf mixture decreased while the accumulation and content of N,P,and K in seeds continued to increase,which indicated that N,P,and K in branch-leaf mixture were preferentially supplied to the growth of seeds.During the slow growth and flower bud differentiation stage,the demand for N,P,and K by seeds was relatively small,while during the rapid growth stage,the demand for N,P,and K by seeds increased.This phenomenon intensified with time.On a time scale,Ca gradually absorbed and accumulated in the branch-leaf mixture,while Ca content and accumulation in seeds decreased and ertremely decreased significantly.After the rapid growth period,the accumulation of Mg in seeds increased,while the accumulation and content of Mg in branch-leaf mixture decreased with the expansion of seeds.During the early growth stage of T.grandis‘Merrillii’seeds,the accumulation of Zn and Cu in branch-leaf mixture showed a decreasing trend,and the seed had a relatively small demand for Zn,Cu and Mn.[Conclusion](1)The volume and moisture content of the fast-growing T.grandis‘Merrillii’seeds increase rapidly,and tend to stabilize after the filling period.(2)The content and accumulation of elements are closely related to the long-term growth of T.grandis‘Merrillii’seeds.To improve the quality of seeds,N,P and K fertilizers should be applied at the end of the slow growth period and the beginning of the fast growth period,along with an appropriate amount of trace element fertilizers such as Zn and Cu.Mg fertilizer should be applied after seed harvest.[Ch,5 fig.27 ref.]
作者
叶淑媛
曾燕如
曹永庆
田苏奎
喻卫武
YE Shuyuan;ZENG Yanru;CAO Yongqing;TIAN Sukui;YU Weiwu(Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China;State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,Zhejiang,China;Forestry Bureau of Jinyun County,Jinyun 321400,Zhejiang,China)
出处
《浙江农林大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期1047-1055,共9页
Journal of Zhejiang A&F University
基金
浙江省重点研发计划项目(2018C02004)
中央财政林业科技推广示范项目([2018]TS 07号,[2018]TG17号)
浙江农林大学省部共建亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室项目(ZY20180208)。
关键词
香榧
枝叶及种实
矿质元素
积累量
动态变化
Torreya grandis‘Merrillii’
branch-leaf mixture and seeds
mineral elements
content and accumulation
dynamics
