摘要
[目的]旨在探讨面向碳中和背景下直接空气捕碳(Direct Air Capture,DAC)技术的发展现状、应用案例及其经济性评估,以期为我国实现碳减排目标提供参考。[方法]文章综述了DAC技术的工作原理、类型、运用案例,并分析了其在国内外的发展情况。通过比较不同研究中的成本数据,评估了DAC技术的经济性,并讨论了当前面临的挑战与可能的解决措施。[结果]研究发现,DAC技术能有效从空气中捕集CO_(2),具有布置灵活、可与可再生能源结合等优点。但其商业化应用仍受到高成本、高能耗和大规模部署的技术挑战的限制。国内外的案例分析揭示DAC技术在实际应用中的效率和成本问题亟待解决,同时也显示了通过技术改进和政策支持可能实现的优化潜力。[结论]尽管存在挑战,DAC技术仍是实现碳中和目标的潜在储备技术,尤其对中国等面临严峻碳减排压力的国家具有重要意义。需要集中研究力量开发更高效、低成本的吸收/吸附剂,改进系统设计,降低能源消耗,并积极探索与可再生能源的结合使用。政府的政策支持和社会的广泛认可也是实现DAC技术商业化的关键因素。通过这些措施可以推动DAC技术的发展和应用,助力实现碳减排和环境保护的双重目标。
[Introduction]This paper aims to explore the development status,application cases,and economic evaluation of direct air capture(DAC)technology in the context of carbon neutrality,thus providing references for achieving carbon emission reduction targets in China.[Method]This paper reviewed the working principles,types,and application cases of DAC technology and analyzed its development status both at home and abroad.By comparing cost data from different studies,it assessed the economy of DAC technology and discussed current challenges and potential solutions.[Result]The study finds that DAC technology effectively captures CO_(2) from the air and offers advantages such as flexibility in deployment and compatibility with renewable energy.However,its commercialization is still constrained by high costs,high energy consumption,and technical challenges related to large-scale deployment.Case analysis at home and abroad reveal the urgent need to address the efficiency and cost issues in practical applications,while also showing potential for optimization through technological improvements and policy support.[Conclusion]Despite the existing challenges,DAC technology remains a potential reserve technology for achieving carbon neutrality goals,especially for countries facing severe carbon reduction pressures like China.Research efforts should focus on developing more efficient and low-cost absorbents and adsorbents,improving system design,reducing energy consumption,and exploring combination with renewable energy sources.Government policy support and broad social acceptance are also key factors for the commercialization of DAC technology.These measures can drive the development and application of DAC technology,contributing to both carbon emission reduction and environmental protection goals.
作者
张柠涛
王茹洁
汪黎东
ZHANG Ningtao;WANG Rujie;WANG Lidong(Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control,Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Baoding 071003,Hebei,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)
出处
《南方能源建设》
2024年第5期15-25,共11页
Southern Energy Construction
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目“新型功能化离子液体吸收剂/电解质构建及CO_(2)原位还原机理”(22178096)
北京自然科学基金资助项目“基于胺基富液的CO_(2)原位还原过程中高效电子传输路径的构建”(2232029)。
关键词
直接空气捕碳
碳中和
碳捕集和封存
可再生能源
二氧化碳
负碳排放技术
direct air capture(DAC)
carbon neutrality
carbon capture and storage
renewable energy sources
carbon dioxide
negative carbon emission technologies
