摘要
大豆为豆科大豆属一年生草本植物,不仅含有优质的蛋白质和油脂,还含有大量的活性次生代谢成分,如大豆异黄酮、大豆皂苷等。其次生代谢产物具有独特的结构和多种生物活性,受到广泛关注。本文通过Web of Science、PubMed等数据库,综述了近年来大豆中主要的次生代谢产物大豆异黄酮、大豆皂苷的结构及活性化合物的功能及作用机制。鉴定得到的大豆异黄酮类共12个,通过丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen activated protein kinase,MAPK)、核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa B,NF-κB)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B、核因子-红细胞2相关因子2(nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,Nrf2)等发挥预防心脑血管疾病、抗骨质疏松症、抗氧化、抗炎、降血糖、抗肿瘤、抗中风、神经保护、保肝等作用。鉴定得到的皂苷类化合物共30个,具有抗炎、抗氧化、预防心血管疾病、抗肥胖、预防糖尿病以及抗肿瘤等作用,涉及的信号通路包括Toll样受体4/髓样分化因子88/NF-κB、MAPK、非受体型蛋白酪氨酸激酶家族和Nrf2等,这些次生代谢产物间因结构存在差异,活性侧重点不同,大豆异黄酮主要体现为植物雌激素活性,而大豆皂苷则以抗肿瘤、抗炎等为主。旨在为大豆次生代谢产物的深入挖掘提供依据,为大豆资源的进一步开发奠定基础。
Soybean,Glycine max,is an annual herbaceous plant of the family Leguminosae,which contains not only high-quality proteins and oils but also a large number of bioactive secondary metabolites,such as isoflavones and saponins.Soybean secondary metabolites have been widely recognized for their unique structures and multiple biological activities.In this article,an overview of recent progress on the major soybean secondary metabolites and their biological activities is presented based on Web of Science and PubMed.Twelve soybean isoflavones have been identified,which exerts health benefits such as preventing cardiovascular diseases,anti-osteoporosis,antioxidant,anti-inflammation,antitumor,anti-stroke,and hypoglycemic,neuroprotective and hepatoprotective functions through regulating mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK),nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt),and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2).Totally 30 soybean saponins have been identified and demonstrated to possess antiinflammation,antioxidant,anti-obesity,anti-diabetic,anti-tumor functions and preventive effects against cardiovascular disease.Their mechanisms of action involve the toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)/NF-κB,MAPK,Janus kinase(JAK)and Nrf2 signaling pathways.These soybean secondary metabolites,due to their different structures,have different bioactivities.The major bioactivity of soybean isoflavones is phytoestrogenic activity,while soybean saponins mainly exert anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities.This review aims to provide the basis for the indepth mining of soybean secondary metabolites and lay the foundation for further development of soybean resources.
作者
孟新静
杨旭
孟德尚
王梦晗
王磊
刘振花
MENG Xinjing;YANG Xu;MENG Deshang;WANG Menghan;WANG Lei;LIU Zhenhua(National R&D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China;College of Agriculture,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China;Beijing Supervision and Inspection Station for Tea Quality,Beijing 100076,China)
出处
《食品科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第20期35-47,共13页
Food Science
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2022YFF1100300)。
关键词
大豆
次生代谢产物
大豆异黄酮
大豆皂苷
Glycine max
secondary metabolite
soybean isoflavones
soybean saponins
