摘要
为探讨三七的生态种植技术,研究三七/芋头间作模式对一年生三七生长的影响。采用田间小区试验,设置三七/芋头间作、三七单作两种种植模式。测定两种种植模式下三七的农艺性状、发病率、存苗率、叶片酶活性、叶片色素含量及土壤养分、微生物数量等指标。结果表明,三七/芋头间作较单作可有效促进三七生长,三七/芋头间作叶面积与壮苗指数分别显著提高19.67%和28.13%,存苗率提高10.33%,三七单作的发病率是三七芋头/间作的3.09倍;8~9月这段时间内,三七间作/芋头叶绿素a和叶绿素b分别是单作1.78倍和1.83倍,但三七单作叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量显著高于间作,叶片受害程度相对较大。间作模式下根际土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量相比于单作分别提高105%、176.3%和182.9%。此外,间作模式下土壤速效钾、有效磷和全钾含量均显著高于单作土壤,分别提高了10.8%、15.77%和2.32%,但碱解氮含量显著降低19.82%。总之,三七/芋头间作可以增加土壤微生物数量并改善土壤养分状况,综合三七的生长状况可选择三七生态种植模式构建和应用。
In order to explore the ecological planting techniques of Panax notoginseng,the effects of intercropping patterns of Panax notoginseng and taro on the growth of annual Panax notoginseng were studied.A field plot experiment was conducted to set up two planting modes,namely,intercropping of Panax notoginseng and taro,and monocropping of Panax notoginseng.Determine the agronomic characters,incidence,rate seedling survival rate,leaf enzyme activity,leaf pigment content,soil nutrients,and microbial count of Panax notoginseng under two planting modes.The results showed that the intercropping of Panax notoginseng and taro could effectively promote the growth of Panax notoginseng compared with monocropping.Under the intercropping mode,the leaf area and healthy seedling index of Panax notoginseng were significantly increased by 19.67%and 28.13%,respectively,and the seedling survival rate was increased by 10.33%.The incidence rate of Panax notoginseng monocropping was 3.09 times that of Panax notoginseng/taro intercropping.During the period from August to September,the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b of Panax notoginseng under the intercropping mode were 1.78 times and 1.83 times that ofmonocropping,respectively.However,the content ofmalondialdehyde(MDA)in the leaves of Panax notoginseng undermonoculture was significantly higher than that under intercropping,and the degree of leaf damage was relatively large.The number of bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes in the rhizosphere soil under intercropping mode increased by 105%,176.3%,and 182.9%,respectively,compared to monocropping.In addition,the available potassium,available phosphorus,and total potassium content in the soil under intercropping mode were significantly higher than those in monocropping soil,increasing by 10.8%,15.77%,and 2.32%,respectively,but the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content was significantly reduced by 19.82%.In short,intercropping Panax notoginseng and taro can increase the number of soil microorganisms and improve the soil nutrient status.Integrating the growth status of Panax notoginseng can promote the construction and application of an ecological planting mode of Panax notoginseng.
作者
汪佳维
王华磊
林洁
杨玉婷
赵致
WANG Jiawei;WANG Hualei;LIN Jie;YANG Yuting;ZHAO Zhi(Suiyang County Modern and Efficient Agricultural Park Service Center,Suiyang 563300,China;Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Breeding and Planting,Guiyang 550025,China;Guiyang Rural Revitalization Service Center,Guiyang 550025,China;Qiannan Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Duyun 558099,China)
出处
《特产研究》
2024年第5期24-29,共6页
Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research
基金
贵州省科技计划项目“三七引种及栽培技术研究与示范项目(黔科合支撑[2017]2893)”
贵州省药用植物繁育与种植人才基地项目(黔人领发[2013]15号、黔人领发[2020]2号)
贵州省特色粮油作物栽培与生理生态研究科技创新人才团队项目(黔科合平台人才[2019]5613号)
贵州省生物学一流学科建设项目(GNYL[2017]009)。
关键词
三七
间作
叶片酶活性
土壤养分
微生物数量
Panax notoginseng
intercropping
leaf enzyme activity
soil nutrient
microbial quantity
