摘要
为探究适宜江西省猕猴桃的栽培模式,以红阳猕猴桃为试验材料,分析避雨栽培和露天栽培模式对猕猴桃物候期、果园微环境、叶片光合特性以及果实品质的影响。结果表明:在避雨栽培模式下,红阳猕猴桃的物候期提前,坐果率极显著提高;果园温湿度日变化减小,叶幕温度可降低4.1℃,湿度提高了9.33个百分点;表层土壤温度可降低5.6℃,土壤含水量提高了2.09个百分点。在果实成熟期,避雨栽培模式下的叶片可维持较高的净光合速率,有效缓解植株的“光合午休”现象,对植株的生长和果实品质的提高均具有促进作用,其中功能叶长度、宽度和质量分别增长了14.72%、26.18%和31.38%,结果母枝的粗度和长度分别提高了7.91%和61.79%,果实干物质、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和可滴定酸含量分别提高了1.77、0.87、1.28、0.22个百分点,维生素C含量提高了31.08%。综上,避雨栽培可有效改善红阳猕猴桃生长的微环境,使其物候期提前,优化植株的光合作用,提高红阳猕猴桃的果实品质。
To investigate the suitable cultivation mode of kiwifruit in Jiangxi Province,the Hongyang kiwifruit was used as the material to analyze the effect of the rain-shelter and open-field cultivation modes on the phenological period of kiwifruit,the garden microenvironment,photosynthetic capacity of leaves and fruit quality.The results showed that the phenophase of Hongyang kiwifruit under rain-shelter cultivation was earlier than that under open-field cultivation,and the fruit-setting rate was significantly increased.Moreover,the diurnal variation of temperature and humidity in rain-sheltered orchard decreased,the canopy temperature decreased by 4.1℃,and the humidity increased by 9.33 percentage points.The surface soil temperature can be reduced by 5.6℃,and soil moisture content can be increased by 2.09 percentage points.During the fruit ripening period,the leaves maintained a high net photosynthetic rate under rain-shelter cultivation,which effectively alleviated the phenomenon of photosynthetic‘midday depression of photosynthesis’and promoted plant growth and fruit quality.Besides,the length,width and weight of functional leaves increased by 14.72%,26.18%and 31.38%,respectively,and the diameter and length of fruiting branches increased by 7.91%and 61.79%,respectively.The contents of dry matter,soluble solids,soluble sugar and titratable acid increased by 1.77,0.87,1.28 and 0.22 percentage points,respectively,and the vitamin C content increased by 31.08%.In summary,rain-shelter cultivation can effectively improve the growth microenvironment of Hongyang kiwifruit,advance the phenological period,optimize plant photosynthesis,and improve fruit quality.
作者
陈钱
王斯妤
金玲莉
张萌
陈东元
CHEN Qian;WANG Si-yu;JIN Ling-li;ZHANG Meng;CHEN Dong-yuan(Institute of Horticulture,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crops(Fruit,Vegetable&Tea)Breeding/Nanchang Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Fruit and Tea,Nanchang 330200,China)
出处
《江西农业学报》
CAS
2024年第9期1-10,共10页
Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi
基金
江西省农业科学院基础研究与人才培养专项(JXSNKYJCRC202219)
江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(JXARS-05)
江西省重点研发计划项目(20232BBF60006)。
关键词
红阳猕猴桃
避雨栽培
光合作用
果实品质
Hongyang kiwifruit
Rain-shelter cultivation
Photosynthesis
Fruit quality
