摘要
极小种群野生植物因其分布范围狭窄且个体数量稀少,加之解濒技术不完善等随时面临灭绝风险,亟需进行拯救性保护。由于各极小种群野生植物自身生物学特性和致濒机理存在差异,针对特定物种开展基础性研究有助于为其保护和种群复壮提供科学依据。坡垒(Hopea hainanensis)曾是海南热带雨林的关键树种和表征种,但在人类活动和更新困难等因素的影响下,该极小种群野生植物的种群数量急剧减少。尽管已开展了较多研究工作,但资源现状不明、机理性研究缺乏、未来研究重点不清和科研未能有效指导保育实践等问题仍十分突出,长期性、深入性和系统性研究亟待加强。该文在全面检索相关文献的基础上,从生物学特性、自然分布区域、野生种群数量、适应性、就地和迁地保护、人工繁育技术和潜在濒危机制等方面系统回顾了坡垒的研究进展,讨论了极小种群野生植物保育工作中存在的问题和未来的研究重点,并基于目前的研究现状提出具体建议,以期为坡垒的保护和拯救提供参考。
Because of the narrow distribution range,few individuals,and imperfect endangered relief technology,the wild plants with extremely small populations(WPESP)are facing the risk of extinction at any time,and need to be saved.Due to the differences in biological characteristics and endangered mechanisms of wild plants with very small populations,basic research on specific species is helpful to provide scientific basis for their conservation and population rejuvenation.Hopea hainanensis used to be the key tree species and characteristic species in the tropical rain forest of Hainan,but under the influence of human activities and regeneration difficulties,the population of H.hainanensis has decreased sharply.Although more research work has been carried out,problems such as unclear resource status,lack of mechanism research,unclear future research priorities,and failure of scientific research to effectively guide conservation practice are still prominent,and long-term,in-depth and systematic research needs to be strengthened.Based on a comprehensive search of relevant literature,the research progress of H.hainanensis was reviewed from the aspects of biological characteristics,natural distribution area,wild population size,adaptability,in situ and ex situ conservation,artificial breeding techniques and potential endangered mechanisms,and discussed the existing problems and future research priorities in the conservation of wild plants with very small populations.Based on the current research status,specific suggestions are put forward to provide reference for the protection and rescue of slope barrier.
作者
李艳朋
许涵
陈洁
雷婕
罗文
LI Yanpeng;XU Han;CHEN Jie;LEI Jie;LUO Wen(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Jianfengling National Key Field Research Station for Tropical Forest Ecosystem,Hainan Island,Guangzhou 510520,China;Jianfengling Department of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park Administration,Ledong 572542,Hainan,China)
出处
《热带亚热带植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期685-694,共10页
Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany
基金
国家科技基础资源调查项目(2019FY101607)
2019年中央财政林业改革发展基金(YCJSHN2020-011(A))
海南省自然科学基金项目(421RC1108)资助。
关键词
极小种群野生植物
坡垒
种群现状
濒危机制
保护管理
Wild plant with extremely small populations
Hopea hainanensis
Population status
Endangered mechanism
Protection and management
