摘要
The instrumented scratch test,which has the advantages of simple sample preparation,high test efficiency,and low cost,has become an effective technique to investigate contact mechanisms(e.g.,contact-induced surface deformation,single-asperity contact,sliding contact,reciprocating sliding,elastic recovery,stick-slip behaviors,damage/cracking,buckling failure of films,mechanical glass frosting,abrasive machining mechanism,cutting,wear,grinding and polishing)and a large quantity of mechanical properties(e.g.,scratch resistance,tribological behavior,friction coefficient,structural integrity,hardness,strength,and fracture toughness)of various solids(e.g.,multilayer coatings,single crystals,bones,gels,polymers,ceramics,glasses,semiconductors,metals,concreates,shales,rocks,and composites)based on the measured scratch variables such as penetration depth and lateral force.The application of instrumented scratch to characterization of mechanical properties of materials based on the quantitative relationships linking macroscopic mechanical properties of materials with characteristic values of measured variables during scratching under different conditions(e.g.,different geometries of indenters)has great potential in the fields of materials science and engineering.
