摘要
为了解决不同环境下路面除冰盐的科学有效使用问题,降低由于除冰盐的滥用导致路面病害与环境污染,从路面除冰盐融冰传热传质机理出发,建立道路除冰盐融冰过程中的物质平衡方程与热通量平衡方程。采用COMSOL有限元软件建立了路面除冰盐融冰温度场模型,考虑多种因素如相变过程、风速、初始温度和太阳辐射的影响,分析融冰过程中温度场的变化规律。研究结果表明:在融冰过程中,盐溶液温度呈现先快速下降后缓慢回升的规律,在固态除冰盐完全溶解的时间段内(Ⅰ阶段),盐溶液温度迅速下降;除冰盐完全溶解后(Ⅱ阶段),盐溶液温度缓慢回升。外界环境温度的上升使得单位质量除冰盐的融冰体积增加,且外界环境温度相比风速和除冰盐用量对盐溶液最终温度的影响更大。风速越高,固体盐溶解溶解所需时间越短,Ⅰ阶段结束后盐溶液体系的温度也更低,盐溶液温度随之下降得更快。由于风速增大将加快盐溶液层与外部环境的换热,除冰盐融冰Ⅱ阶段升温明显,溶解后盐溶液的平均温度更高。另外,较高的除冰盐初始温度可以促进固态盐的溶解,且温度越高,这种促进作用更加明显。同时,随着反应初始温度的增加,融冰反应的终止温度也随之升高。除此之外,研究发现,太阳辐射对于除冰盐融冰过程的影响在Ⅰ阶段不显著,在Ⅱ阶段具有显著影响。研究结论可为道路冬季路面除冰盐的科学有效使用提供技术支撑与理论参考。
To solve the problem related to scientific and effective use of deicing salt in different environments,and reduce the road distress and environmental pollution caused by abuse of deicing salt,the mass balance equation and heat flux balance equation of road deicing salt in melting process were established base on mechanism of heat and mass transfer of road deicing salt.The temperature field model of road deicing salt melting was established by COMSOL finite element software by considering the influence of various factors such as phase transition process,wind speed,initial temperature and solar radiation.The variation rule of temperature field during ice melting was analyzed.The results show that the temperature of salt solution decreases rapidly at first and then rises slowly during the process of melting ice.During the period when the solid deicing salt is completely dissolved(stage Ⅰ),the temperature of salt solution decreases rapidly.After the deicing salt is completely dissolved(phase Ⅱ),the temperature of salt solution slowly rises.The higher external temperature increases the melting volume of deicing salt per unit mass,and the external temperature has greater influence on final temperature of salt solution than wind speed and the amount of deicing salt.The higher the wind speed,the shorter the time required for solid salt dissolution.The lower temperature of salt solution system after the end of stage Ⅰ makes the temperature of salt solution drop faster.As the increase of wind speed will accelerate the heat exchange between salt solution layer and external environment,the temperature rise of deicing salt deicing phase Ⅱ is obvious,and the average temperature of salt solution after dissolution is higher.The higher initial temperature of deicing salt can promote the dissolution of solid salt.At the same time,with the increase of initial reaction temperature,the end temperature of melting reaction also grows up.In addition,it is found that the influence of solar radiation on the process of deicing salt melting is not significant in stage Ⅰ,and the significant influence exhibits in stage Ⅱ.The research results can provide technical support and theoretical reference for the scientific and effective use of deicing salt in winter pavement.
作者
李继有
但汉成
谭嘉伟
山宏宇
LI Jiyou;DAN Hancheng;TAN Jiawei;SHAN Hongyu(Guizhou Tongyu Railway Limited Liability Company,Tongren 554300,China;School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;School Civil and Environmental Engineering,Nanyang Technological University,Singapore 639798)
出处
《铁道科学与工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期3563-3573,共11页
Journal of Railway Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52278468,51908558)
江西省交通运输厅科技项目(2020H0028)。
