摘要
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加肉桂醛对热应激肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和肠道健康的影响。选取288只21日龄健康、体重接近的817肉公鸡,随机分成6组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只。热中性组(TN组)环境温度设置为(24±2)℃(24 h/d),饲喂基础饲粮;另外5组遭受热应激,环境温度每天09:30—17:30设置为(33±2)℃(8 h/d),其余时间设置为(24±2)℃(16 h/d),并分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0(HT组)、100(HT100组)、200(HT200组)、400(HT400组)和800 mg/kg(HT800组)肉桂醛的饲粮。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)与TN组相比,HT组肉鸡终末体重(FBW)、平均日增重(ADG)和平均日采食量(ADFI)显著降低(P<0.05),料重比(F/G)显著提高(P<0.05);HT组第3天以后直肠温度显著提高(P<0.05);HT组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著提高(P<0.05),血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性以及葡萄糖(GLU)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)和尿素氮(UN)含量显著降低(P<0.05);HT组血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著提高(P<0.05),血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著降低(P<0.05);HT组血清D-乳酸(D-LA)和脂多糖(LPS)含量以及二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性均显著提高(P<0.05),十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度以及空肠绒隐比(V/C)值显著降低(P<0.05)。2)在热应激条件下,与HT组相比,HT400组和HT800组肉鸡FBW和ADG显著提高(P<0.05),F/G显著降低(P<0.05);各肉桂醛添加组第21天17:30时直肠温度均显著降低(P<0.05);HT800组血清ALT活性显著降低(P<0.05),HT400组血清ALP活性显著提高(P<0.05);HT200组、HT400组和HT800组血清T-SOD活性显著提高(P<0.05),HT100组、HT200组和HT800组血清丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低(P<0.05),各肉桂醛添加组血清T-AOC显著提高(P<0.05);HT100组、HT400组和HT800组血清D-LA和LPS含量显著降低(P<0.05),HT400组空肠绒毛高度显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加肉桂醛可以缓解热应激下肉鸡直肠温度的升高,提高机体抗氧化能力,改善肠道通透性和形态结构来维持肠道健康,进而提高肉鸡生长性能,且以添加400 mg/kg效果较佳。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary cinnamaldehyde on growth performance,serum biochemical indices,antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of broilers under heat stress.A total of 288 healthy 817 broilers of 21-day-old with similar body weight were randomly divided into 6 groups with 6 replicates per group and 8 broilers per replicate.Broilers in the thermoneutral group(TN group)were fed a basal diet with the ambient temperature set at(24±2)℃(24 h/d);those in the other five groups were subjected to heat stress with the ambient temperature set at(33±2)℃(8 h/d)from 09:30 to 17:30 and(24±2)℃(16 h/d)for the rest of the day,and were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0(HT group),100(HT100 group),200(HT200 group),400(HT400 group)and 800 mg/kg(HT800 group)cinnamaldehyde,respectively.The experiment lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with TN group,the final body weight(FBW),average daily gain(ADG)and average daily feed intake(ADFI)of broilers in HT group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio(F/G)was significantly increased(P<0.05);the rectal temperature in HT group was significantly increased after day 3(P<0.05);the serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity in HT group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and contents of glucose(GLU),total protein(TP),albumin(ALB)and urea nitrogen(UN)in serum were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the serum total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity in HT group was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the serum total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the contents of D-lactic acid(D-LA)and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and the diamine oxidase(DAO)activity in serum in HT group were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the villus height of duodenum and jejunum and the villus height to crypt depth ratio(V/C)of jejunum were significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)Under the heat stress conditions,compared with HT group,FBW and ADG of broilers in HT400 and HT800 groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and F/G was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the rectal temperature in each cinnamaldehyde supplemental group was significantly decreased at 17:30 on day 21(P<0.05);the serum ALT activity in HT800 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum ALP activity in HT400 group was significantly increased(P<0.05);the serum T-SOD activity in HT200,HT400 and HT800 groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),the serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content in HT100,HT200 and HT800 groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum T-AOC in each cinnamaldehyde supplemental group was significantly increased(P<0.05);the contents of D-LA and LPS in serum in HT100,HT400 and HT800 groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the villus height of jejunum in HT400 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary cinnamaldehyde can alleviate the increase in rectal temperature of broilers under heat stress,increase the body antioxidant capacity,improve intestinal permeability and morphological structure to maintain intestinal health,and then improve the growth performance of broilers.The supplementation of 400 mg/kg cinnamaldehyde has the best effect.
作者
陈乐乐
陈博
伍新珍
郅可欣
龚番文
李泽政
郜璐瑶
黄明海
贺建华
CHEN Lele;CHEN Bo;WU Xinzhen;ZHI Kexin;GONG Fanwen;LI Zezheng;GAO Luyao;HUANG Minghai;HE Jianhua(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410125,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第9期5642-5655,共14页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1301200)。
关键词
热应激
肉桂醛
肉鸡
生长性能
抗氧化能力
肠道健康
heat stress
cinnamaldehyde
broilers
growth performance
antioxidant capacity
intestinal health
