摘要
设计了一个新的大学有机化学实验:植物色素的提取和色谱分离。该实验以番茄酱为原料,通过无水乙醇脱水、二氯甲烷溶剂提取获得含有番茄红素和胡萝卜素混合溶液。再以石油醚及一定配比的石油醚和二氯甲烷混合溶液为洗脱剂柱色谱分离出胡萝卜素和番茄红素溶液。最后用环己烷和二氯甲烷混合溶剂进行薄层色谱分离鉴定番茄色素和胡萝卜素。结果表明,薄层色谱和柱色谱分离都达到了理想的分离效果,学生实验成功率较高。该实验为大学有机化学实验提供了一个天然色素提取和色谱分离的实验项目,原料易得,前处理简单,实验技术多样,适用面广。同时,被分离的不同色素为同分异构体,在教学上能更好地体现色谱分离法的技术优势和特点。
A new university organic chemistry experiment has been designed that is extraction and chromatography separation of plant pigments.In this experiment,the ketchup raw material has been dehydrated by absolute ethanol,and a mixed solution of lycopene and carotene has been obtained with solvent extraction with dichloromethane.Then,petroleum ether and a certain ratio of petroleum ether and dichloromethane mixed solution are used as eluent to separate the carotene and lycopene solutions by column chromatography.Finally,cyclohexane and dichloromethane mixed solvent are used for thin layer chromatography to separate and identify the tomato pigments and carotene.The results show that both thin layer chromatography and column chromatography have achieved ideal separation effects,and the experiment success rate of students is higher.This experiment provides an experimental project for natural pigment extraction and chromatography separation in organic chemistry experiments that the raw materials are easy to obtain,the pre-treatment is simple,the experimental techniques are diverse,and the applicability is wide.At the same time,the different pigments separated are isomers.which can better reflect the technical advantages and characteristics of chromatography separation method in teaching.
作者
李宏斌
李政
周明娟
丁长江
许海
LI Hong-Bin;LI Zheng;ZHOU Ming-Juan;DING Chang-Jiang;XU Hai(College of Chemistry,Jilin University,Changchun 130012,China)
出处
《化学教育（中英文）》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第20期35-42,共8页
Chinese Journal of Chemical Education
基金
吉林省高教科研课题(JGJX2021D54)
吉林大学本科教学改革项目(2021XZD078)
吉林大学实验技术项目(SYXM2021a008)。
关键词
有机化学实验
番茄酱
番茄红素
胡萝卜素
柱色谱
薄层色谱
organic chemistry experiment
ketchup
lycopene
carotene
column chromatography
thin layer chromatography
