摘要
目的分析《中华人民共和国民法典》出台后医院侵害患者知情同意权案例中存在的问题,为完善知情同意法律体系提供参考。方法以"侵害患者知情同意权责任纠纷"为关键词在中国裁判文书网检索裁判日期为2021年1月1日至2023年6月30日的裁判文书,对裁判文书中的案例进行描述性分析和文本分析。结果共纳入裁判文书68份。判定侵害患者知情同意权的裁判文书有11份,且相关案件均进行了鉴定;侵权内容主要包括侵犯患者病情知情权(12/20),侵犯病历资料获悉权(6/20),未经同意侵犯患者身体权(2/20)。判定不侵害患者知情同意权的裁判文书有15份,仅1份文书中的案件进行了鉴定;争议焦点主要为知情同意权行使主体顺位问题(2/15),知情同意权告知义务履行问题(5/15),未经告知即行手术问题(1/15),病历真实性认定及医疗材料提供问题(7/15)。结论患者知情同意权的法律保护还存在权利行使主体顺位不明晰、权利行使内容范围不够具体、知情同意权与医疗干涉权存在冲突和侵权责任鉴定方式尚未统一的司法困境,建议规范知情同意权行使主体顺位、明确医方告知义务履行内容、构建医疗干涉权相关制度、统一知情同意权责任纠纷鉴定方式。
Objective To analyze the problems existing in the cases of hospitals infringing upon patients′informed consent right after the promulgation of the Civil Code of the People′s Republic of China,and to provide reference for improving the legal system of informed consent.Methods Search for judgment documents published from January 1,2021 to June 30,2023 on the China Judgment Document Network using the keyword"liability dispute for infringing on patients′informed consent rights",and conduct descriptive and textual analysis on the cases in the judgment documents.Results 68 judgment documents were included in total.There were 11 judgment documents on infringement of patients′right to informed consent,and all related cases have undergone appraisal.The content of infringement mainly included infringement of patients′right to know their condition(12/20),infringement of patients′right to access their medical records(6/20),infringement of patients′right to bodily integrity without consent(2/20).There were 15 judgment documents which judge that the right of informed consent of patients wasn′t infringed,and only one case in the document has been appraised.The main focus of controversy was the issue of the priority of the exercise of the right to informed consent(2/15),the fulfillment of the obligation to inform the right to informed consent(5/15),the issue of surgery without notification(1/15),and the issue of determining the authenticity of medical records and providing medical materials(7/15).Conclusions The legal protection of patients′right to informed consent still faces judicial difficulties such as unclear order of the exercise of rights subject,insufficient specificity of the scope of the exercise of the right,conflicts between the right to informed consent and medical intervention,and lack of unified identification methods for infringement liability.It is suggested to standardize the order of the exercise subject of the right to informed consent,clarify the content of the obligation of the medical party to inform,construct a system for medical intervention,and unify the identification methods for disputes related to the right to informed consent.
作者
唐琳珊
汤梦莉
杨丽珍
高雪娟
Tang Linshan;Tang Mengli;Yang Lizhen;Gao Xuejuan(School of Humanities and Management,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou 350122,China)
出处
《中华医院管理杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期640-646,共7页
Chinese Journal of Hospital Administration
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(21AKS018)
福建省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心项目(FJ2022XZB008)
福建中医药大学校管课题(XXSX2022005)。
关键词
知情同意
医患关系
权益保障
案例研究
Informed consent
Physician-patient relations
Rights and interests protection
Case study
