摘要
《〈民法典〉合同编通则司法解释》第62条将违约方获益作为可得利益难以确定时损害赔偿计算的考量因素,但其制裁牟利性违约行为的价值却未引起关注。违约获益剥夺的正当性基础,在于发挥行为制裁与损害填补的双重功能。违约获益剥夺的规范路径为,通过揭示违约损害可预见性规则的风险分配功能,对《民法典》第584条第2分句进行目的性扩张,将违约方实施违约行为时作为违约损害可预见性判断时点,以损害赔偿的方式剥夺违约获益。违约获益剥夺在体系上仅能作为违约责任的例外,故通过类型建构的客观限制、违约方恶意违约与守约方并无过错的主观限制,廓清违约获益剥夺的适用限度。
Article 62 of the Partial Interpretation of the General Provisions of the Contract Part of the Civil Code treats the benefit of the breaching party as a consideration in the calculation of damages when the available benefit is difficult to be determined,but its value in sanctioning profit-making breach of contract has not attracted attention.The justification for the deprivation of the benefits of breach of contract lies in the dual function of sanctioning behavior and filling damages.The normative path of the deprivation of the benefits of breach of contract is to reveal the risk allocation function of the rule of predictability of breach of contract damages,to expand the purpose of the second clause of Article 584 of the Civil Code,to take the time when the breaching party commits the breach of contract as the point of time of judging the predictability of breach of contract damages,and to deprive the benefits of breach of contract in the form of damages.Since the deprivation of the benefit of breach of contract can only be an exception to the liability for breach of contract in the system,the limits of the application of the deprivation of the benefit of breach of contract are clarified through the objective limitation of the construction of the type,and the subjective limitation of the breaching party s malicious breach of contract and the defending party s no-fault.
作者
黄清新
HUANG Qing-xin(Law School,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei 430073,China)
出处
《时代法学》
2024年第5期76-85,共10页
Presentday Law Science
基金
中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目“违约获益剥夺之体系反思与教义重构”(202410615)的阶段性成果。
关键词
违约获益剥夺
正当基础
规范路径
适用限度
deprivation of benefit for breach of contract
justifiable basis
normative path
applicable limitations
