摘要
本文采用性状鉴定、显微鉴定和超微鉴定的方法研究了海洋药物水黄皮茎、叶的性状及显微鉴定特征,为其鉴定提供了依据。结果表明,茎有明显的纵皱纹及枝痕,表面密被灰白色皮孔,质坚硬,不易折断,断面皮部棕色,木部黄白色,中央髓部灰棕色。叶为单数羽状复叶,小叶倒卵形,近革质,表面光滑无毛。水黄皮茎、叶均具有纤维和晶鞘纤维,草酸钙方晶存在于薄壁细胞中,色素块随处可见。茎常见具缘纹孔导管、具圆形小纹孔的网纹厚壁细胞;叶表皮细胞垂周壁深波状弯曲、平轴式气孔。叶肉组织中栅栏组织2~3层细胞,而缺少具缘纹孔导管,环管纤维束连续排列成环,纤维束外方的薄壁细胞中常含有方晶,形成晶鞘纤维;中脉维管束由上下两个半弧状的维管束相对而成的环形结构,表面制片和叶表面扫描电镜观察也印证了叶显微鉴定的结果。
To study the characters and microscopic identification of the stems and leaves of marine medicine Pongamia pinnata(L.)Pierre,and provide a basis for its identification.Adopting methods of trait identification,microscopic identification,and ultramicro identification.Character characteristics:The stem has obvious longitudinal wrinkles and branch marks,and the surface is densely covered with gray white lenticels,which are hard and not easy to break.The skin of the cross-section is brown,the xylem is yellowish-white,and the central pith is gray brown.The leaves are singularly pinnate compound,with leaflets obovate,the textures are nearly coriaceous,and the surface is smooth and hairless.Microscopic identification:There are fibers and crystal sheath fibers in the stems and leaves of Pongamia pinnata(L.)Pierre,and pigment blocks can be seen everywhere.Besides,calcium oxalate crystals are exist in parenchyma cells.Stems often have bordered pit vessels and reticulated thick parietal cell with small round pits.The anticlinal wall of leaf epidermal cells is deeply wavy and curved,it also have paracytic type stomata.Palisade cell has 2~3 layers of cells,but lacks bordered pit vessels.The fiber bundles of the circular tube are continuously arranged in a circular shape.The parenchyma cells outside the fiber bundle often contain square crystals,forming crystal sheath fibers.Furthermore,the central vascular bundle is a circular structure formed by two semicircular vascular bundles facing each other.In addition,the results of leaf microscopic identification were also confirmed by surface sectioning and leaf surface scanning electron microscopy observation.This provides an important reference basis for the identification,development,and utilization of medicinal parts such as stems and leaves of Pongamia pinnata(L.)Pierre.
作者
刘晓芸
包华音
郭庆梅
周凤琴
王长云
Liu Xiaoyun;Bao Huayin;Guo Qingmei;Zhou Fengqin;Wang Changyun(School of Pharmacy,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Jinan 250355,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs,Ministry of Education,School of Medicine and Pharmacy,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China)
出处
《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期96-102,共7页
Periodical of Ocean University of China
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2013AA093001)资助。
关键词
水黄皮
性状鉴别
显微鉴别
海洋药物
扫描电镜鉴别
Pongamia pinnata(L.)Pierre
character identification
microscopic identification
marine medicine
scanning electron microscopy identification
