摘要
为了更好地控制草莓在采后贮藏及深加工过程中的病原菌,对草莓采后腐败病原菌进行分离鉴定及其抑菌效果测定。通过形态学观察结合ITS序列分析方法对所分离的草莓病原菌菌株进行鉴定,并研究不同质量浓度梯度(20、40、60、80、100 mg/mL)的黄芩、连翘单药及复配提取物对草莓病原菌的抑制率以及草莓表面的抑菌效果。结果表明:引起草莓腐败的主要病原菌是灰葡萄孢菌、链格孢菌和少根根霉,且提取物对3种病原菌的抑制作用与药液质量浓度呈正相关。抑菌作用最强的是黄芩与连翘以质量比2:1复配(FP 2:1)的提取物,当处理质量浓度为100 mg/mL时,对灰葡萄孢菌、链格孢菌和少根根霉的抑制率分别达到了98.66%、88.89%和91.75%,EC_(50)值分别为23.54、0.55、1.74 mg/mL。草莓接种FP 2:1后,对病原菌有显著的抑菌效果,接种灰葡萄孢菌、链格孢菌、少根根霉的果实发病率分别为41.67%、29.17%、33.33%,病情指数分别为29.86%、22.92%、25.69%。黄芩与连翘复配(质量比为2:1)对草莓采后病原菌的体外抑菌效果显著高于对照处理。本研究为草莓的贮藏保鲜提供了理论依据。
In order to better control the pathogenic bacteria in the process of postharvest storage and deep processing of strawberries,the isolation and identification of pathogens causing strawberry decay were conducted,and the antibacterial effect was determined.Morphological observation combined with ITS sequence analysis was used to identify the isolated pathogenic strains of strawberries.Different concentration gradients(20,40,60,80,100 mg/mL)of extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis and Forsythia suspensa,as well as their combination,were studied for strawberry pathogens inhibition rate and the antibacterial effects of strawberry surface.The results showed that the main pathogens causing strawberry decay were Botrytis cinerea,Alternaria alternata,and Rhizopus arrhizus,and the inhibitory effect of extracts on the three pathogens was positively correlated with the concentration of the solution.The strongest antibacterial activity was observed with the combination extract of Scutellaria baicalensis and Forsythia suspensa at a mass ratio of 2:1(FP 2:1).When the treatment concentration was 100 mg/mL,the inhibition rates of Botrytis cinerea,Alternaria alternata,and Rhizopus arrhizus reached 98.66%,88.89%,and 91.75%,respectively,with EC_(50)values of 23.54,0.55,and 1.74 mg/mL.After inoculating with FP 2:1,strawberries had a significant antibacterial effect on pathogenic bacteria.The incidence of fruit inoculated with Botrytis cinerea,Alternaria alternata,and Rhizopus arrhizus was 41.67%,29.17%,and 33.33%,respectively,and the disease index was 29.86%,22.92%,and 25.69%,respectively.The combination of Scutellaria baicalensis and Forsythia suspensa at a 2:1 ratio showed a significantly higher antibacterial effect in vitro on the postharvest pathogens of strawberries than the control treatment.This study provides a theoretical basis for the storage and preservation of strawberries.
作者
赵香香
陆春霞
滕红梅
ZHAO Xiangxiang;LU Chunxia;TENG Hongmei(College of Food Science and Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030800,China;Department of Life Science,Yuncheng University,Shanxi Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agro-products Processing,Yuncheng 044000,China)
出处
《保鲜与加工》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第10期42-51,共10页
Storage and Process
基金
山西省“1331工程”重点学科项目(098-091704)
运城学院横向科研项目(202212E021)。
关键词
草莓
采后
病原菌
黄芩
连翘
体外
抑菌效果
strawberry
postharvest
pathogen
Scutellaria baicalensis
Forsythia suspensa
in vitro
antibacterial effect
