摘要
目的:全面系统地分析近视防控政策,进而在健康中国背景下实现降低青少年近视率和提高其体质健康的最终目标。方法:以政策工具为切入点,采用nvivo12质性分析软件对2018年6月~2023年12月间的49份近视防控政策文本进行量化分析,构建了基于政策工具维度、目标维度,以及主体维度的三维分析框架,并在此基础上开展多维交叉分析。结果:近视防控政策工具以环境型为主导,供给型和需求型政策工具数量相对较少。防控近视政策工具的目标指向性强,旨在健全近视预防体系和降低近视率,政策实施重视构建完善的近视预防体系并关注青少年体质健康;政策执行主体占比不均衡,缺乏主体间的有效联动,影响政策执行力度。建议:优化政策工具的组成类型,加强政策工具的协同作用;建立近视防控海外交流政策,搭建视力数据服务平台;弱化政府主体责任,实现政策主体多元化。
Objective To comprehensively and systematically analyze the myopia prevention and control policies in recent years,and thus achieve the ultimate goal of reducing myopia rates and improving the physical health of adolescents in the context of Healthy China.Methods Taking policy tools as the entry point,49 myopia prevention and control policy texts from June 2018 to December 2023 were quantitatively analyzed by using the nvivo12 qualitative analysis software,and a three-dimensional analytical framework based on the dimensions of policy tools,objectives,and subjects was constructed.Based on which,multidimensional cross-analysis was carried out.Results The policy tools for myopia prevention and control are mainly environmental oriented,with relatively fewer supply and demand oriented policy tools.The policy tool for preventing and controlling myopia has strong targeting,aiming to improve the myopia prevention system and reduce the myopia rate.The policy implementation emphasizes the construction of a comprehensive myopia prevention system and pays attention to the physical health of adolescents.The proportion of policy implementing entities is uneven,lack of effective linkage among dfferent entities,which affects the effectiveness of policy implementation.Conclusion It is suggested to optimize the composition types of policy tools,strengthen the synergy of policy tools,establish overseas exchange policies for myopia prevention and control,build a vision data service platform,weaken the governments main responsibility and achieve diversification of policy subjects.
作者
张健
詹宇城
陈绍标
Zhang Jian(School of Physical Education,Minnan Normal University,Zhangzhou,P.R.China)
出处
《中国卫生事业管理》
北大核心
2024年第10期1189-1193,共5页
Chinese Health Service Management
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“新发展阶段青少年身体活动社会生态支持系统的构建及其应用策略研究”(23YJCZH293)
福建省社会科学基金项目“福建城市青少年身体活动社会生态影响因素及其作用路径研究”(FJ2022B021)
广东省社科规划2022年度学科共建项目“十四五时期广东群众体育强省建设方略研究”(GD22XTY10)
广东省高等教育学会“十四五”规划项目“粤港澳大湾区高校公共体育课程思政CIPP评价模式研究”(22GQN02)
2022年度校级创新强校工程项目“创新科研团队--单项体育协会治理模式与政策仿真创新科研团队”(GKY-2022CQTD-13)
关键词
健康中国
青少年
防控近视政策
三维分析框架
Healthy China
adolescents
myopia prevention and control policy
three-dimensional analysis framework
