摘要
针对建筑工程建设常规管理中“自下而上”的上报方式易导致主观、抽象、片面等问题,本文采用无人机遥感对地观测方法,从建设状态和建设进展两个方面探讨监测工程的建设进度。首先,构建基于无人机数据的多尺度建设现状分类体系,从整体到细节全方位地提取工程的建设现状,并利用层次分析法,评估建设状态;其次,根据建设现状的变化,采用动态度编码及桑基图方法,评估建设进展;最后,进行工程实践。结果表明,本文方法能够实现建设现状监测,具备有效性和准确性。研究成果可为管理部门掌握建设工程状况,提供全面、客观、量化的监测方法指导,提高了项目管控的信息化水平。
To comprehensively,promptly,and objectively monitor the progress of an architectural construction project and enhance the government’s supervisory information capabilities,a monitoring technique utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV)is introduced.The conventional method of overseeing construction schedules,which relies on budget execution rates and textual descriptions or financial reports to gauge process advancement,often lacks objectivity,clarity,and completeness.With advancements in UAV technology,obtaining high-resolution 3D models of construction projects in their entirety and in a timely manner has become more feasible.This paper proposes an effective methodapproach to evaluate construction schedules from two perspectives:status monitoring and process monitoring,using objective UAV data.Following an analysis of the actual construction process and the interpretative capacity of the UAV 3D model,a multi-tiered classification system is devised to ascertain the current state of the project.This classification encompasses initiation status,construction phase,and overall construction status,ranging from the macro view to individual construction units.Based on this classification and predefined interpretation symbols within the 3D model,vector data representing the current status is extracted through visual interpretation.Utilizing the classified data on initiation status and construction phase,the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is employed to establish coding rules and assign weights that denote different statuses.Changes in the types,quantities,and areas of the construction phase and status over time can reflect the progression of the construction project.Consequently,a combination of the proposed dynamic coding analysis for changes in the construction phase and a Sankey diagram visual analysis for alterations in construction status are used to assess construction advancement.The dynamic coding of the construction phase qualitatively represents state transformations,while the Sankey diagram quantitatively expresses the rate of these changes.The application of this method on three real-world construction projects at varying stages demonstrates its efficacy.Firstly,by applying the coding rules to construction phase data,the status of the construction can be accurately defined.Secondly,integrating dynamic degree codes with Sankey diagrams,derived from calculating transitions in the areas of the construction phase and status,allows for a reasonable description of the construction process compared to actual conditions.Leveraging the rapid data acquisition and high resolution of 3D UAV technology,a method for monitoring and evaluating construction schedule progress is proposed.Through application in three case studies,the effectiveness of this method is confirmed.Using 3D data and established models of construction projects,each construction unit’s scope and corresponding current state classification can be objectively obtained,thereby achieving comprehensive,objective,and quantitative monitoring of both the current construction status and state changes between two monitoring periods.This data and methodology offer an effective and objective evaluation of construction status and progress.The adoption of UAV technology introduces a novel approach to monitoring construction schedules,significantly enhancing the traditional method of financial reporting.
作者
刘建歌
王馨爽
耿伟
万翔
LIU Jiange;WANG Xinshuang;GENG Wei;WAN Xiang(Shaanxi Geomatics Center of Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi’an 710054,China)
出处
《时空信息学报》
2024年第4期562-572,共11页
JOURNAL OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL INFORMATION
关键词
无人机
工程监测
建设现状分类
建设状态
层次分析法
动态度编码
桑基图
unmanned aerial vehicle
construction project monitoring
current status classification
construction status
analytical hierarchy process
dynamic degree encoding
Sankey method
