摘要
返乡从业居民是乡村旅游推动乡村振兴的人才基础,其个体发展是乡村可持续发展的基本议题。文章从人本位出发,分析了乡村旅游地返乡从业者“人的再生产”概念。首先,研究探索了“人的再生产”维度,包括人地关系再嵌入、文化价值观再生产、人际关系再生产、劳动形式再生产和自我再实现。第二,研究建构了“人的再生产”模型,其中,人地关系和劳动形式再生产构成“人的再生产”物质与时空基础,文化价值观和人际关系再生产构成文化与社会条件。在此基础上,返乡者实现了阶段性主-客身份转换和自我存在方式重构。第三,研究分析了乡村旅游地返乡从业者“人的再生产”阶段历程及策略,准备阶段,策略包含心态建设、人际筹备、职业搜寻与确认;初返阶段,策略包含逃避、对抗、纠偏;适应阶段,策略包含记忆回归、情感联结、社会合作;稳定到发展阶段,策略包含资源复盘、发展对比、未来规划。研究可为乡村旅游地的返乡政策制定和治理提供理论参照。
Returning residents play a crucial role in driving the development of rural tourism destinations and serve as a fundamental talent pool for fostering rural revitalization via rural tourism.In the context of people-oriented development,focusing on the individual development of the returning residents is not only crucial for ensuring sustainable rural development in the new era,but also serves as a theoretical foundation for enhancing people’s well-being.This study departs from the“industryoriented”approach of prior research on returning residents and instead adopts a“human-centered”perspective to introduce and investigate the notion of“reproduction of man”of returning residents in rural tourism areas.Firstly,the study explored the dimensions of“reproduction of man”,encompassing the re-embedding of human-place relationship(re-embedding of human-place emotional relationship,re-embedding of human-place embodiment relationship,re-embedding of human-place resource relationship),the reproduction of cultural values(reproduction of cultural memory,production of cultural creativity,reproduction of industrial value),the reproduction of interpersonal relationship(reproduction of family relationship,reproduction of public relationship,reproduction of“face”),the reproduction of labor form(reproduction of knowledge and skills,the reproduction of labor time-space,reproduction of professions),and re-realization of the self(reproduction of individual power,reproduction of the individual development path,reproduction of the existential meaning).Second,a model of the“reproduction of man”was constructed,where human-land relations and labor form reproduction constitute the material and spatiotemporal foundation of“reproduction of man”,while cultural value and interpersonal relationship reproduction establish cultural and social conditions.Throughout this process,the returnees underwent a shift in their“host-guest”identity and a reconstruction of the existence.Third,the study analyzed the stages and strategies of the“reproduction of man”of rural tourism returnees from a life cycle perspective.These stages include:preparation stage,involving initiation and preparation of reproduction,with its strategies like mindset building,interpersonal preparation,career search and confirmation;initial return stage,where reproduction clashes,with strategies like avoidance,confrontation,and correction;adaptation stage,focusing on reproduction adjustment,with strategies like memory recall,emotional bonding,and social collaboration;stabilization and development stage,emphasizing path generation of reproduction and the continuous innovation of reproduction,with strategies like resource assessment,development comparison,and future planning.Viewing the act of returning home through the lens of“reproduction of man”reveals it as more than a mere career shift,but as the reproduction of individuals with subjectivity.This study primarily examines how returning residents reintegrate into rural life and reconstruct their survival and production methods by engaging in tourism.While the general trend is favorable,it also reveals contradictions and conflicts during the reproduction process,encompassing family dynamics,social interactions,and the transmission of knowledge and skills.These issues necessitate addressing challenges through readjustment and continuous learning.In the future,targeted research is essential.The study offers a robust theoretical framework for developing return policies in rural tourism destinations and managing returning residents.
作者
张圆刚
田文娟
王亚楠
郭佳昕
ZHANG Yuangang;TIANWenjuan;WANG Yanan;GUO Jiaxin(College of Tourism,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第10期70-82,共13页
Tourism Tribune
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“乡村旅游区域不平衡性测度、过程与机制——以浙江省为例”(42471252)
教育部人文社会科学青年项目“国内大循环驱动的长三角乡村旅游适配机制与发展路径研究”(22YJCZH248)
上海市艺术科学规划项目“上海市非物质文化遗产数字保护机制与文旅创新协同发展研究”(YB2023-G-001)共同资助。
关键词
乡村旅游地
返乡居民
返乡从业
人的再生产
乡村振兴
rural tourism destination
returning residents
returning for employment
reproduction of man
rural revitalization
