摘要
为研究起垄高度对植烟土壤热量状况、根系生长和烟叶耐熟性的影响,以烤烟品种粤烟97为供试材料,于2022—2023年开展2 a大田试验,设置垄高30 cm(CK)、垄高38 cm(T1)、垄高46 cm(T2)3个处理,分析不同起垄高度下土壤温度和热通量、根系外观形态和生长指标、根系活力、烟叶耐熟性相关指标的变化。结果表明,土壤日温差变化随土层深度变化,土壤表层的日温差最大。增加垄高可提高植烟土壤平均温度0.4~1.8℃,提高土壤热通量4~56 W/m^(2)。2 a试验中,垄高38 cm的根系长度比垄高30 cm增加的最大幅度达27.26%,根干质量增加最大幅度26.21%,根系活力提高最大幅度14.97%,差异显著。与垄高30 cm相比,垄高38 cm的可溶性蛋白质含量、过氧化物酶活性、细胞膜稳定指数增加最大幅度达17.99%,27.82%,9.05百分点(2022年)和10.23%,12.44%,8.16百分点(2023年),丙二醛含量降低最大幅度为24.84%,44.43%。相关性分析显示,根系活力与丙二醛含量呈显著负相关,根系长度和根干质量与丙二醛含量呈极显著负相关,过氧化物酶活性则与根系生长指标呈显著或极显著正相关,可溶性蛋白质含量与根系长度呈显著正相关。综上所述,增加垄高有利于改善植烟土壤热量状况,促进根系生长,提高根系活力,增强叶片抗氧化能力,提高烟叶耐熟性。垄高38 cm是南方烟区促进根系生长、提高烟叶耐熟性的适宜起垄高度。
To study the effects of ridge height on soil heat status,root growth,and tobacco maturity tolerance in tobacco planting,a 2-year field experiment was conducted using the flue-cured tobacco variety Yueyan 97 as the test material from 2022 to 2023.Three treatments were set up,including a ridge height of 30 cm(CK),a ridge height of 38 cm(T1),and a ridge height of 46 cm(T2),to analyze the changes in soil temperature and heat flux,root appearance and growth indicators,root vitality,and tobacco maturity related indicators under different ridge heights.The results indicated that the daily temperature difference in soil varies with the depth of the soil layer,and the daily temperature difference in the surface layer of the soil was the largest.Increasing ridge height can increase the average temperature of tobacco planting soil by 0.4—1.8℃and increase soil heat flux by 4—56 W/m^(2).In the 2 a experiment,the maximum increase in root length for a ridge height of 38 cm compared to a ridge height of 30 cm was 27.26%,the maximum increase in root dry mass was 26.21%,and the maximum increase in root vitality was 14.97%,with significant differences.Compared with a ridge height of 30 cm,the soluble protein content,peroxidase activity,and cell membrane stability index of a ridge height of 38 cm increased by 17.99%,27.82%,and 9.05 percentage points(2022),respectively and by 10.23%,12.44%,and 8.16 percentage points(2023),respectively.The maximum decrease in malondialdehyde content was 24.84%and 44.43%,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that root activity was significantly negatively correlated with malondialdehyde content,peroxidase activity was extremely significantly positively correlated with root growth indexes,and soluble protein content was significantly positively correlated with root length.In summary,increasing ridge height is beneficial for improving the thermal status of tobacco planting soil,promoting root growth,enhancing root vitality,enhancing leaf antioxidant capacity,and enhancing tobacco maturity tolerance.A ridge height of 38 cm is an appropriate ridge height for promoting root growth and improving tobacco maturity tolerance in southern tobacco regions.
作者
杨彦磊
冉静
郭鸿雁
贺广生
黄跃鹏
李淮源
李文才
陈建军
谢俊喜
邓世媛
YANG Yanlei;RAN Jing;GUO Hongyan;HE Guangsheng;HUANG Yuepeng;LI Huaiyuan;LI Wencai;CHEN Jianjun;XIE Junxi;DENG Shiyuan(Tobacco Research Laboratory,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Guangdong Tobacco Shaoguan Co.,Ltd.,Shaoguan 512000,China;Guangdong Tobacco Company,China National Tobacco Corporation,Guangzhou 510627,China;Center for Basic Experiment and Practice Training,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China;Shixing County Branch of Guangdong Tobacco Shaoguan Co.,Ltd.,Shaoguan 512500,China)
出处
《华北农学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期128-138,共11页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
广东省科技厅星火计划项目(2013B020503058)
中国烟草总公司广东省公司科技项目(2021440000240144)
广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(2022440000340047)。
关键词
烤烟
起垄高度
植烟土壤
根系生长
耐熟性
Flue-cured tobacco
Ridge height
Tobacco-planting soil
Root growth
Leaf maturity tolerance
