摘要
为了研究糠醛渣和脱硫石膏配施对盐碱土入渗的影响,采集了宁夏银川市西夏区南梁农场盐碱地0~20 cm深度土层土壤,通过向盐碱土中添加不同施用量和配比的糠醛渣、脱硫石膏混合改良剂,通过室内一维土柱入渗试验,比较糠醛渣、脱硫石膏混合改良剂配比(质量比)为7∶3、施用量(质量分数)分别为0(T0),2%(T1),4%(T2),6%(T3),8%(T4),配比为5∶5、施用量为8%(T5),配比为3∶7、施用量为8%(T6)处理下土壤的入渗率、湿润锋、累积入渗量和土壤水分特征曲线,分析糠醛渣和脱硫石膏配施对盐碱土土壤入渗的影响及入渗结束后对土壤盐碱指标的改良效果。结果表明:用Philip与Kostiakov模型对累积入渗量进行模拟,两个模型的拟合效果都很好,决定系数都能达到0.97以上;用幂函数可以很好地分析混合改良剂对湿润锋运移的规律,决定系数均大于0.99;用Van Genuchten模型对土壤水分特征曲线进行拟合,决定系数均大于0.94。T0~T4处理,糠醛渣、脱硫石膏混合改良剂的施用量越大,入渗速率、累积入渗量、湿润锋运移距离越小;Van Genuchten模型中的残余含水率、饱和含水率和参数α随混合改良剂施用量的增大而减小,同一含水率下的土壤吸力大小顺序为T4>T3>T2>T1>T0。T4~T6处理,糠醛渣、脱硫石膏混合改良剂的施用量一定,随脱硫石膏配施占比的增加,入渗速率、累积入渗量、湿润锋运移距离有所增加;Van Genuchten模型中的残余含水率和参数α随脱硫石膏配施占比的增加而增加,饱和含水率随脱硫石膏配施占比的增加而减小。糠醛渣、脱硫石膏混合改良剂对土壤的盐碱指标均有一定程度的改善作用,混合改良剂施用量一定时,脱硫石膏配比越小,土壤pH下降程度越大,脱硫石膏配比越大,土壤碱化度和全盐量下降程度越大。糠醛渣、脱硫石膏混合改良剂对盐碱土有减渗作用,盐碱土的持水能力随混合改良剂施用量的增加而明显增强。糠醛渣与脱硫石膏配比为7∶3,施用量为8%时,盐碱土的盐碱指标下降更为显著,改良效果较好。
This study investigates the effects of applying a mixture of furfural residue and desulfurization gypsum on the infiltration characteristics of saline-alkaline soils.Soil samples were collected from the 0 to 20 cm depth of saline-alkaline land at Nanliang Farm in the Xixia region of Yinchuan,Ningxia.Various amounts and ratios of furfural residue and desulfurization gypsum were added to the saline-alkaline soils.A one-dimensional infiltration experiment using soil columns was conducted to compare infiltration rates,wetting front advancement,cumulative infiltration amounts,and soil moisture characteristic curves under different treatment conditions:a mix ratio of 7∶3 at application rates of 0%(T0),2%(T1),4%(T2),6%(T3),and 8%(T4),a 5∶5 mix ratio at an application rate of 8%(T5),and a 3∶7 mix ratio at an application rate of 8%(T6).The aim was to analyze the influence of the mixed amendments on the infiltration of saline-alkaline soils and the subsequent improvement in salinity-alkalinity indicators after infiltration.The results indicated that both the Philip and Kostiakov models provided a good fit for the cumulative infiltration data,with determination coefficients exceeding 0.97.The power function effectively described the movement of the wetting front,with coefficients greater than 0.99.The Van Genuchten model fit the soil moisture characteristic curves well,with coefficients above 0.94.For treatments T0 to T4,as the application rate of the mixed amendment increased,the infiltration rate,cumulative infiltration amount,and the distance of wetting front movement decreased.The residual moisture content,saturated moisture content,and parameters in the Van Genuchten model decreased with increasing application rates of the mixed amendment.The order of soil suction at the same moisture content was T4>T3>T2>T1>T0.For treatments T4 to T6,with a constant application rate,increasing the proportion of desulfurization gypsum led to an increase in infiltration rate,cumulative infiltration amount,and wetting front movement distance.The residual moisture content and parameters in the Van Genuchten model increased with a higher proportion of desulfurization gypsum,while the saturated moisture content decreased.Both furfural residue and desulfurization gypsum improved the salinity-alkalinity indicators of the soil to a certain extent;with a constant application rate,a lower proportion of desulfurization gypsum resulted in a greater decrease in soil pH,while a higher proportion led to a greater reduction in alkalinity and total salt content.The mixed amendment exhibited a leaching effect on the saline-alkaline soil,significantly enhancing its water retention capacity with increasing application rates.The most significant improvement in salinity-alkalinity indicators was observed when the furfural residue to desulfurization gypsum ratio was 7∶3 at an application rate of 8%.
作者
窦炳琰
李春光
景何仿
王维红
郭新霞
DOU Bingyan;LI Chunguang;JING Hefang;WANG Weihong;GUO Xinxia(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Mathematics and Information Science,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Civil Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Ordos City Development Research Center,Ordos 017200,China)
出处
《西北工程技术学报》
CAS
2024年第3期226-234,共9页
Ningxia Engineering Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(11761005)
北方民族大学校级项目(2022XYZTM04)
北方民族大学科学计算与工程应用创新团队(2022PT_S02)
国家民委领军人才计划(113114000706)。
关键词
盐碱土
糠醛渣
脱硫石膏
水分入渗
宁夏引黄灌区
saline-alkali soil
furfural residue
desulfurized gypsum
water infiltration
Ningxia Yellow River irrigation area
