摘要
水下井口连接器是连接水下采油树与井口头的关键设备,为了加快国内水下井口连接器的研发进程,对国内外水下井口连接器发展现状进行了广泛调研,国外水下井口连接器产品系列完善,5家供应商占据了市场垄断地位;国内对水下井口连接器的研究起步较晚,但目前也初步实现了浅水及深水井口连接器的工程化应用。针对水下井口连接器最为关键的金属对金属密封问题,从密封数值模拟、理论及试验、热-力耦合、密封优化设计等方面研究进展进行了剖析,指出基于线弹性二维或三维有限元方法分析水下井口连接器的非线性问题存在一定偏差;理论方法难以准确推导出水下井口连接器在复合载荷下的密封载荷传递关系,相关试验也难以精确模拟水下井口连接器的真实工况和载荷条件;热-力耦合分析未充分考虑传热边界和初始温度条件,简单按照经验法选取对流换热系数和导热系数,导致连接器密封热-力耦合的温度求解不准确,也缺少相关试验验证压力-温度共同作用下的金属密封能力;密封优化设计方面,目前主要针对接触应力单一目标进行优化,需以接触应力、结构强度、尺寸等多目标进行优化,多角度评估优化后的水下井口连接器结构力学性能。建议深入开展水下井口连接器设计、制造、检验标准的适用性研究,全方位评估水下井口连接器密封影响因素并完善水下井口连接器的密封试验内容,突破水下井口连接器密封关键技术,形成水下井口连接器的研发技术体系,实现海洋油气开发水下井口连接器从浅水到深水、超深水系列化标准化产品。
The subsea wellhead connector is a key equipment that connects the subsea Christmas tree with the wellhead.In order to accelerate the research and development process of subsea wellhead connectors development in China,extensive research has been conducted on the current development status of subsea wellhead connectors in China and abroad.The product line of subsea wellhead connectors in foreign countries is complete,and five suppliers occupy a market monopoly position.The research on subsea wellhead connectors started relatively late in China,but the engineering application of shallow and deep water wellhead connectors has been preliminarily achieved.The research progress on the most critical metal-to-metal sealing problem of subsea wellhead connectors was analyzed from the aspects of sealing numerical simulation,theory and experiment,thermal-mechanical coupling,and sealing optimization design.It was pointed out that there was a certain deviation in analyzing the nonlinear problems of subsea wellhead connectors based on linear elastic two-dimensional or three-dimensional finite element methods.Theoretical methods failed to accurately derive the sealing load transfer relationship of subsea wellhead connectors under composite loads,and related experiments cannot accurately simulate the real working conditions and load conditions of subsea wellhead connectors.The thermal-mechanical coupling analysis did not fully consider the heat transfer boundary and initial temperature conditions and simply selected the convective heat transfer coefficient and thermal conductivity coefficient based on empirical methods,resulting in inaccurate temperature calculation of the connector sealing in thermal-mechanical coupling and a lack of relevant experimental verification of the metal sealing ability under the combined action of pressure and temperature.In terms of sealing optimization design,the current focus was mainly on optimizing the single objective of contact stress,which required multi-objective optimization of contact stress,structural strength,and size and multi-angle evaluation of the mechanical performance of the optimized subsea wellhead connector structure.It was recommended to conduct research on the applicability of design,manufacturing,and inspection standards for subsea wellhead connectors,comprehensively evaluate the factors affecting the sealing of subsea wellhead connectors,and improve the sealing test content of subsea wellhead connectors,so as to beak through the key sealing technologies of subsea wellhead connectors,form a research and development technology system for subsea wellhead connectors,and realize the standardization of subsea wellhead connectors from shallow water to deep water and ultra deep water for offshore oil and gas development.
作者
李育房
王莹莹
同武军
王宝富
李兴业
LI Yufang;WANG Yingying;TONG Wujun;WANG Baofu;LI Xingye(College of Safety and Ocean Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing,Beijing 102249,China;CNOOC Energy Technology&Services Limited,Engineering Technology Branch,Tianjin 300450,China)
出处
《中国海上油气》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期187-197,共11页
China Offshore Oil and Gas
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“深海水下井口连接器密封接触特性及泄漏机制研究(编号:52301377)”
“极地极端海洋环境下水下井口耦合系统疲劳损伤灾变演化机制研究(编号:5237422)”
“大型水下管汇多体耦合系统安装姿态控制规律研究(编号:52071336)”
工业和信息化部高技术船舶研究项目“水下生产系统总体关键技术研究(编号:2023GXB01-01-001)”部分研究成果。
关键词
水下井口连接器
金属密封
热-力耦合
密封关键技术
技术标准
研究进展
subsea wellhead connector
metal sealing
thermal-mechanical coupling
key sealing technologies
technical standards
research progress
