摘要
离婚协议中有关财产及债务处理的条款存在诈害债权的情形时,可根据其性质参照适用或直接适用债权人撤销权的规定,且原则上应当属于无偿处分财产权益。相关条款无偿性的判断以法定的或司法裁判确定的财产分配比例为参考基准,当事人在条款中约定的分配比例显著超出合理基准,且实际影响债权人债权实现的,其超出部分构成可被撤销的诈害行为。债权人应当承担条款具有诈害性的举证责任,其行使撤销权的范围限于其债权和超出部分的数额,且应当在除斥期间内行使,以避免债权撤销权对离婚协议意思自治的过度介入。
In the event that the clauses concerning the disposition of property and debts in a divorce agreement are detrimental to the interests of creditors,the provisions on the right of revocation of creditors may be referred to or directly applied according to their nature,and in principle,they should be considered as gratuitous dispositions of property rights.The determination of the gratuitous nature of the relevant clauses should be based on the statutory or judicially determined property distribution ratios.If the distribution ratio agreed upon by the parties in the clause significantly exceeds the reasonable benchmark and actually affects the realization of the creditor's rights,the excess part constitutes a revocable fraudulent act.The creditor should bear the burden of proof for the fraudulent nature of the clause,and the scope of the exercise of the right of revocation should be limited to the amount of their claim and the excess part,and should be exercised within the exclusion period to avoid excessive interference with the autonomy of the divorce agreement by the right of revocation of creditors.
作者
冉克平
陈丹怡
RAN Keping;CHEN Danyi
出处
《学习与实践》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第10期55-64,F0002,共11页
Study and Practice
关键词
离婚协议
债权人撤销权
财产分割
诈害行为
Divorce agreement
Creditor's right of revocation
Property division
fraudulent act
