摘要
目的了解2022—2023年度广州市市售蔬菜水果的农药残留情况,保障居民食品安全。方法利用液相色谱-串联质谱法和气相色谱-串联质谱法对采集的14类共2246份蔬菜水果样品进行农药残留筛查,检测项目一共256种,依据GB2763—2021《食品安全国家标准食品中农药最大残留限量》对检测结果进行评价,超过最大残留限量即为不合格。结果2246份样品中检出率为62.11%,其中蔬菜、水果的检出率分别为59.62%、70.80%,蔬菜中检出率排名前三的是茄果类、豆类和叶菜类,水果中排名前三的是柑橘类、核果类、浆果和其他小型水果类;不合格率为2.94%,蔬菜中豆类、鳞茎类、根茎薯芋类不合格率排名前三,水果中柑橘类、浆果和其他小型水果类、热带和亚热带水果类的不合格率位居前三,禁限用农药超标导致的不合格占不合格样品的2/3。结论筛查发现大部分蔬菜水果样品的农药残留均在GB 2763—2021规定的最大残留限量范围之内,但禁限用农药不合格的情况依然存在,应加强宣传引导和监管力度。
Objective To understand pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits sold in Guangzhou from 2022 to 2023,and ensure food safety.Methods Totally 2246 vegetables and fruits in 14 categories were collected,and 256 kinds of pesticides were monitored by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The test results were evaluated according to GB 2763—2021 National standards of food safety-Maximum residue limits of pesticides in food,and exceeding the maximum residue limits was deemed unqualified.Results The total detection rates of 2246 samples were 62.11%,the detection rates of vegetables were 59.62%,and the fruits were 70.80%.The top three highest detection rates were Solanaceous fruit vegetables,Leguminous vegetables,and leaf vegetables in vegetable samples.Citrus fruits,stone fruits,berries and the other small fruits were ranked in the top three in fruit samples.The exceeding rates were 2.94%.The top three highest rates were Leguminous vegetables,bulb vegetables,roots and tuber vegetables in vegetable samples,and Citrus fruits,berries,and other small fruits,tropical and subtropical fruits in fruit samples.The samples caused by excessive use of banned and restricted pesticides accounted for 2/3 of the over-standard samples.Conclusion Screening find that most of the pesticide residues of vegetable and fruit samples are within the maximum residue limits stipulated in GB 2763—2021,but the situation of unqualified banned pesticides still exists,and publicity guidance and supervision shall be strengthened.
作者
黄松
刘佳
胡凌
林泽珊
陈婷
赵金利
毛新武
HUANG Song;LIU Jia;HU Ling;LIN Ze-Shan;CHEN Ting;ZHAO Jin-Li;MAO Xin-Wu(Guangzhou Institute for Food Inspection,Guangzhou 511400,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
CAS
2024年第19期74-83,共10页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
基金
广州市市场监督管理局科技项目(2022kj40)。
关键词
蔬菜
水果
农药残留
调查分析
vegetables
fruits
pesticides residues
investigation and analysis
