摘要
目的 检测2019-2023年上海市临港地区市售牡蛎中人源诺如病毒(norovirus, NoV)的污染状况,并分析病毒基因型分布特点。方法 本研究自2019年10月至2023年4月从上海市水产市场随机采集545份牡蛎样本,利用巢式逆转录聚合酶链式反应方法对样本中的NoV进行检测分析。结果 牡蛎中NoV污染的总阳性率为4.04%(22/545);共检出5种基因型病毒:GⅠ.3 (n=5), GⅠ.4 (n=3), GⅡ.17 (n=3), GⅡ.3 (n=9), GⅡ.4 (n=4),其中有4只牡蛎样本存在GⅠ和GⅡ型NoV混合污染的现象。基因型丰度上, 2019年检出以GⅠ型病毒为主,主要是GⅠ.3;2020年至2022年检出以GⅡ型病毒为主,主要是GⅡ.3和GⅡ.4;2023年上半年检出GⅠ、GⅡ型病毒, GⅡ型偏多。季节上,每年的秋冬季牡蛎中NoV的检出率最高,与人群中NoV的季节性暴发规律相吻合。结论 自新冠疫情暴发以来,上海市临港地区市售牡蛎中NoV检出率大幅下降,阳性检出率和基因类群变化与国外研究结果 趋势一致。该研究结果 不仅填补了国内在新冠疫情期间对牡蛎中NoV监测的数据空缺,而且为牡蛎的食用安全评估提供科学依据。
Objective To assess the contamination of human norovirus(NoV)in oysters sold in the Lingang Area of Shanghai from 2019 to 2023 and to analyze the distribution characteristics of the virus genotypes.Methods In this study,a total of 545 oyster samples were randomly collected from Shanghai seafood markets from October 2019 to April 2023.A nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(nested RT-PCR)method combined with sequencing was used to detect and analyze the presence of NoV in the samples.Results The overall positive rate of NoV contamination in oysters was 4.04%(22 out of 545).A total of 5 genotypes of the virus were identified:GI.3(n=5),GI.4(n=3),GII.17(n=3),GII.3(n=9),and GII.4(n=4).Mixed contamination with both NoV GI and NoV GII was observed in 4 oyster samples.In terms of genotype prevalence,GI type viruses were predominant in 2019,and the specific genotype was GI.3.From 2020 to 2022,GII type viruses were predominant,the main genotypes were GII.3 and GII.4.In the first half of 2023,both GI and GII type viruses were detected,with a higher prevalence of GII types.Seasonally,the detection rate of NoV in oysters was highest during the autumn and winter months each year,coinciding with the seasonal outbreak patterns of NoV in human populations.Conclusion Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,there has been a significant decrease in the detection rate of NoV in oysters sold in the Lingang Area of Shanghai.The trends of detection rates in positive and changes in genotype clusters are consistent with research findings from abroad.The findings of this study not only fill the domestic data gap in monitoring NoV in oysters during the COVID-19 pandemic but also provide a scientific basis for the safety assessment of oyster consumption.
作者
徐佳乐
赵璐
贾添慧
董蕾
王永杰
喻勇新
XU Jia-Le;ZHAO Lu;JIA Tian-Hui;DONG Lei;WANG Yong-Jie;YU Yong-Xin(College of Food Sciences and Technology,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation(Shanghai),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201306,China;Marine Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China)
出处
《食品安全质量检测学报》
CAS
2024年第20期28-34,共7页
Journal of Food Safety and Quality
基金
上海市科学技术委员会2022年度“创新行动计划”农业领域项目(22N31900700)
国家自然科学基金项目(31601570)
上海市食品安全风险专题评估项目(2024)。
关键词
诺如病毒
牡蛎
污染
基因型
风险防控
norovirus
oysters
contamination
genotypes
pidemiological trends
